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<p>Shallow-buried pipelines are susceptible to uplift buckling when the vertical stress exceeds the overburden pressure, particularly in unsaturated soils where uplift capacity remains poorly understood. This study investigates the uplift behavior of pipelines in unsaturated ground through uplift trapdoor tests and proposes a limit equilibrium theory to evaluate uplift capacity under unsaturated conditions. The proposed theory, validated against experimental results, reveals that uplift capacity increases as the groundwater level becomes deeper due to enhanced shear strength in unsaturated soils. Application of the theory to sand, silty clay, and loam soils with realistic pipeline dimensions showed that fine-graded soils exhibit higher uplift capacity than sand, indicating greater risks for pipeline stability. These findings advance the understanding of uplift mechanisms in unsaturated soils and provide practical insights for pipeline design and safety assessment.</p>

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Uplift capacity of pipelines in unsaturated ground with different groundwater levels: experiments and theory

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月2日

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  • Xu Fang,
  • Mamoru Kikumoto,
  • Ying Cui,
  • Trong Nghia-Nguyen

摘要

Shallow-buried pipelines are susceptible to uplift buckling when the vertical stress exceeds the overburden pressure, particularly in unsaturated soils where uplift capacity remains poorly understood. This study investigates the uplift behavior of pipelines in unsaturated ground through uplift trapdoor tests and proposes a limit equilibrium theory to evaluate uplift capacity under unsaturated conditions. The proposed theory, validated against experimental results, reveals that uplift capacity increases as the groundwater level becomes deeper due to enhanced shear strength in unsaturated soils. Application of the theory to sand, silty clay, and loam soils with realistic pipeline dimensions showed that fine-graded soils exhibit higher uplift capacity than sand, indicating greater risks for pipeline stability. These findings advance the understanding of uplift mechanisms in unsaturated soils and provide practical insights for pipeline design and safety assessment.