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<p>Enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) has emerged as an environment-friendly solution for soil improvement. As a composite material, it is challenging to determine the micromechanical properties of EICP-reinforced sand using common macromechanical tests. In this work, a systematic study was conducted to determine the micromechanical properties of EICP-reinforced sand. The development of the micromechanical properties obtained from indentations along the route of “sand particle-CaCO<sub>3</sub>-sand particle” was examined. The width of the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) in EICP-reinforced sand was investigated. The effect of the reaction environment on ductility (i.e., the ratio of elastic modulus over hardness) of CaCO<sub>3</sub> was investigated. The experimental results have identified that the width of ITZ in EICP-reinforced sand ranges from 0 to 180&#xa0;μm, which is significantly influenced by the crystal crystallinity or crystal morphology of CaCO<sub>3</sub>. The presence of porous media (i.e., sand particles) leads to the decrease in impurity content in the crystal formation environment, resulting in the lower ductility of CaCO<sub>3</sub> accordingly. The mean value of fracture toughness of CaCO<sub>3</sub> precipitation was identified to be the lowest one among sand particles, CaCO<sub>3</sub> precipitation, and sand particles–CaCO<sub>3</sub> interface. The lowest fracture toughness of CaCO<sub>3</sub> indicating the failure of biocementation is derived from the CaCO<sub>3</sub>–CaCO<sub>3</sub> breakage.</p>

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Micromechanical properties and bonding fracture of EICP-reinforced sand analyzed using microindentation test

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月25日

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  • Kai Xu,
  • Ming Huang,
  • Mingjuan Cui,
  • Guixiao Jin,
  • Shuang Li

摘要

Enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) has emerged as an environment-friendly solution for soil improvement. As a composite material, it is challenging to determine the micromechanical properties of EICP-reinforced sand using common macromechanical tests. In this work, a systematic study was conducted to determine the micromechanical properties of EICP-reinforced sand. The development of the micromechanical properties obtained from indentations along the route of “sand particle-CaCO3-sand particle” was examined. The width of the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) in EICP-reinforced sand was investigated. The effect of the reaction environment on ductility (i.e., the ratio of elastic modulus over hardness) of CaCO3 was investigated. The experimental results have identified that the width of ITZ in EICP-reinforced sand ranges from 0 to 180 μm, which is significantly influenced by the crystal crystallinity or crystal morphology of CaCO3. The presence of porous media (i.e., sand particles) leads to the decrease in impurity content in the crystal formation environment, resulting in the lower ductility of CaCO3 accordingly. The mean value of fracture toughness of CaCO3 precipitation was identified to be the lowest one among sand particles, CaCO3 precipitation, and sand particles–CaCO3 interface. The lowest fracture toughness of CaCO3 indicating the failure of biocementation is derived from the CaCO3–CaCO3 breakage.