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<p>Long-distance entanglement distribution is fundamental to the establishment of a large-scale quantum network, particularly in systems that operate without the need for trusted relays. Here, we demonstrate entanglement-based quantum key distribution over 343 km of fiber spools using multi-wavelength single-photon-level calibration light for reference frame alignment. By co-propagating calibration and entangled photons through identical paths and sharing detectors in a time-multiplexed manner, a polarization purity of 2783 achieves for two mutually unbiased bases. The system operates continuously for 27.1 h in the laboratory, generating a total of 253 bits secure key at an asymptotic secure key rate of 3.68 × 10<sup>−3</sup> bps. This work provides a viable approach for constructing large-scale quantum network.</p>

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Entanglement-based quantum key distribution via 343 km fiber link with multiple wavelength polarization state compensation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月4日

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  • Jinquan Huang,
  • Hui Han,
  • Jiaao Li,
  • Jiahao Li,
  • Tao Peng,
  • Wanrong Yu,
  • Chunqing Wu,
  • Shihai Sun,
  • Bo Liu

摘要

Long-distance entanglement distribution is fundamental to the establishment of a large-scale quantum network, particularly in systems that operate without the need for trusted relays. Here, we demonstrate entanglement-based quantum key distribution over 343 km of fiber spools using multi-wavelength single-photon-level calibration light for reference frame alignment. By co-propagating calibration and entangled photons through identical paths and sharing detectors in a time-multiplexed manner, a polarization purity of 2783 achieves for two mutually unbiased bases. The system operates continuously for 27.1 h in the laboratory, generating a total of 253 bits secure key at an asymptotic secure key rate of 3.68 × 10−3 bps. This work provides a viable approach for constructing large-scale quantum network.