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<p>Power cables face increasingly complex operational and environmental challenges, requiring integrated multi-parameter monitoring of temperature, strain, and vibration. In this paper, we present a high-capacity integrated sensing and communication over fiber (ISACoF) system for optical transport networks (OTN). The system employs a dual-heterodyne detection architecture combined with a counter-propagation wavelength-division multiplexed ISACoF technology, enabling co-propagation and cooperative demodulation of Brillouin optical time domain reflectometry (BOTDR) and distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) signals within a single optical fiber. This configuration enables simultaneous high-precision monitoring while maintaining 100 Gbit/s polarization-multiplexed quadrature phase-shift key (PM-QPSK) transmission performance. Experimental validation over a 100.977 km fiber link shows an optical signal-to-noise ratio above 23 dB and a bit error rate (BER) on the order of 10<sup>−7</sup>. The BOTDR subsystem achieves 40 m spatial resolution with 2 MHz frequency shift accuracy, and the DAS subsystem exhibits 0.37 rad phase noise, detecting 1 Hz vibrations. Additionally, the system was able to predict a 10 mm ice layer on a 500 kV line and track temperatures up to 30°C during direct current (DC) de-icing. These results confirm strong compatibility, minimal interference, and high predictive capability, offering a resource-efficient foundation for intelligent and self-healing power OTN infrastructures.</p>

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Optical fiber communication and distributed multi-parameter sensing integrated network for smart power grid applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月21日

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  • Xiaohui Tang,
  • Yanyang Lei,
  • Jinglin Sui,
  • Meng Xia,
  • Yaxi Yan,
  • Dexin Ba,
  • Yongkang Dong

摘要

Power cables face increasingly complex operational and environmental challenges, requiring integrated multi-parameter monitoring of temperature, strain, and vibration. In this paper, we present a high-capacity integrated sensing and communication over fiber (ISACoF) system for optical transport networks (OTN). The system employs a dual-heterodyne detection architecture combined with a counter-propagation wavelength-division multiplexed ISACoF technology, enabling co-propagation and cooperative demodulation of Brillouin optical time domain reflectometry (BOTDR) and distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) signals within a single optical fiber. This configuration enables simultaneous high-precision monitoring while maintaining 100 Gbit/s polarization-multiplexed quadrature phase-shift key (PM-QPSK) transmission performance. Experimental validation over a 100.977 km fiber link shows an optical signal-to-noise ratio above 23 dB and a bit error rate (BER) on the order of 10−7. The BOTDR subsystem achieves 40 m spatial resolution with 2 MHz frequency shift accuracy, and the DAS subsystem exhibits 0.37 rad phase noise, detecting 1 Hz vibrations. Additionally, the system was able to predict a 10 mm ice layer on a 500 kV line and track temperatures up to 30°C during direct current (DC) de-icing. These results confirm strong compatibility, minimal interference, and high predictive capability, offering a resource-efficient foundation for intelligent and self-healing power OTN infrastructures.