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<p>This paper investigates the potential of integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) for the upcoming sixth generation (6G) mobile communications system, which is expected to go beyond communication and incorporate sensing capabilities. A major challenge with conventional ISAC systems is the self-interference caused by using a base station (BS) as both the sensing transmitter and receiver, which requires complex and costly hardware upgrades to enable full duplex. To address this issue, we propose a cooperative sensing approach, where node A acts as the transmitter and node B as the receiver. In this study, we analyze the scattering characteristics of targets in a cooperative sensing scenario and find that the radar cross section (RCS) of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) follows a lognormal distribution. We then propose a time-frequency synchronization method, a cooperative sensing cluster construction method, and a multi-node signal-level fusion method to accurately determine the target’s position. Simulation results, incorporating non-ideal factors, show that the proposed system can achieve precise target positioning. The accuracy is improved by more than five times compared to mono-static sensing and over 25% compared to result-level fusion methods. Additionally, prototype experimental results validate the feasibility of the proposed system.</p>

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Feasibility study of cooperative sensing: radar cross section, synchronization, cooperative cluster, performance and prototype

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月21日

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  • Guangyi Liu,
  • Rongyan Xi,
  • Tao Jiang,
  • Xiaoqian Wang,
  • Lincong Han,
  • Jing Jin,
  • Jing Dong,
  • Yajuan Wang,
  • Yuxiang Zhang,
  • Qixing Wang,
  • Jiangzhou Wang

摘要

This paper investigates the potential of integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) for the upcoming sixth generation (6G) mobile communications system, which is expected to go beyond communication and incorporate sensing capabilities. A major challenge with conventional ISAC systems is the self-interference caused by using a base station (BS) as both the sensing transmitter and receiver, which requires complex and costly hardware upgrades to enable full duplex. To address this issue, we propose a cooperative sensing approach, where node A acts as the transmitter and node B as the receiver. In this study, we analyze the scattering characteristics of targets in a cooperative sensing scenario and find that the radar cross section (RCS) of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) follows a lognormal distribution. We then propose a time-frequency synchronization method, a cooperative sensing cluster construction method, and a multi-node signal-level fusion method to accurately determine the target’s position. Simulation results, incorporating non-ideal factors, show that the proposed system can achieve precise target positioning. The accuracy is improved by more than five times compared to mono-static sensing and over 25% compared to result-level fusion methods. Additionally, prototype experimental results validate the feasibility of the proposed system.