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<p>Hydrophores play a vital role in collecting water samples in deep-sea exploration and marine engineering. Current actuating mechanisms for the release system of hydrophores often struggle with waterproof design, low energy efficiency, and slow response time. This paper presents a novel design method for hydrophores based on bidirectional shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators to provide a new solution for existing limitations. The SMA actuators used feature a sandwich structure consisting of two-layer SMA wires and middle-layer high-elasticity wires (HEWs), which can bend towards two directions to open or close the release hook, enabling efficient working of hydrophores. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the actuator exhibits exceptional reset rate and load capability. The designed hydrophore works well in laboratory tank tests, and field trials in the Yellow Sea validate its practicality in real underwater environments. This work not only offers an innovative solution for the design of deep-sea hydrophores for water sampling, but will also inspire the use of SMA actuators in deep-sea devices.</p>

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Design of a novel deep-sea hydrophore based on bidirectional SMA actuators

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月25日

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  • Lixiao Huang,
  • Meiying Yang,
  • Ruiting Feng,
  • Yabing Li,
  • Shuang Xu,
  • Qi Wen,
  • Shiwu Zhang,
  • Qiqiang Hu,
  • Junyang Li

摘要

Hydrophores play a vital role in collecting water samples in deep-sea exploration and marine engineering. Current actuating mechanisms for the release system of hydrophores often struggle with waterproof design, low energy efficiency, and slow response time. This paper presents a novel design method for hydrophores based on bidirectional shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators to provide a new solution for existing limitations. The SMA actuators used feature a sandwich structure consisting of two-layer SMA wires and middle-layer high-elasticity wires (HEWs), which can bend towards two directions to open or close the release hook, enabling efficient working of hydrophores. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the actuator exhibits exceptional reset rate and load capability. The designed hydrophore works well in laboratory tank tests, and field trials in the Yellow Sea validate its practicality in real underwater environments. This work not only offers an innovative solution for the design of deep-sea hydrophores for water sampling, but will also inspire the use of SMA actuators in deep-sea devices.