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<p>Acoustic waves serve as crucial information carriers in fields such as fault diagnosis and underwater communication. However, these signals are susceptible to interference from external uncorrelated noises, and the measured signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) directly impacts the quality of communication and the accuracy of fault diagnosis. Here, we leverage the ability of locally resonant metamaterials to modulate acoustic waves at the subwavelength scale, and employ a design strategy that introduces point defects by coupling detuned cells, which can frequency-selectively focus and amplify sound waves within the defects. This approach offers a novel solution to overcome the pressure detection limitations of conventional acoustic sensing devices. By meticulously designing the impedance boundary of the metamaterials, the directivity of sound sensing is further enhanced, and the SNR is effectively improved by 26 dB without altering the original signal characteristics. The synergistic combination of spatial filtering and resonant amplification eliminates the need for complex post-processing and improves the response rate of the acoustic sensing system. Finally, we successfully demonstrate the detection of tooth pitting faults in gears under strong noise interference (with a sound pressure level of 87.5 dB).</p>

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Enhancing signal-to-noise ratio via point defect metamaterials enables gear tooth pitting detection in high-noise environments

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月22日

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  • Zhiwei Song,
  • Xingxing Shi,
  • Liwei Ma,
  • Jiuhui Wu

摘要

Acoustic waves serve as crucial information carriers in fields such as fault diagnosis and underwater communication. However, these signals are susceptible to interference from external uncorrelated noises, and the measured signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) directly impacts the quality of communication and the accuracy of fault diagnosis. Here, we leverage the ability of locally resonant metamaterials to modulate acoustic waves at the subwavelength scale, and employ a design strategy that introduces point defects by coupling detuned cells, which can frequency-selectively focus and amplify sound waves within the defects. This approach offers a novel solution to overcome the pressure detection limitations of conventional acoustic sensing devices. By meticulously designing the impedance boundary of the metamaterials, the directivity of sound sensing is further enhanced, and the SNR is effectively improved by 26 dB without altering the original signal characteristics. The synergistic combination of spatial filtering and resonant amplification eliminates the need for complex post-processing and improves the response rate of the acoustic sensing system. Finally, we successfully demonstrate the detection of tooth pitting faults in gears under strong noise interference (with a sound pressure level of 87.5 dB).