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<p>Superhydrophobic surfaces are widely recognized for their ability to delay icing; however, the mechanisms underlying ice formation on such surfaces remain poorly understood. In this work, we demonstrate that water droplets at room temperature exhibit reduced hydrophobicity on low-temperature surfaces, despite displaying excellent resistance to wetting by water vapor under ambient conditions. A superhydrophobic coating was fabricated by embedding steelmaking slag into a fluorinated silica nanoparticle matrix and binding it with polypropylene. The resulting coating exhibited a water contact angle of 153° and a sliding angle of 3°, delayed water droplet freezing at −10°C by more than twelve-fold and remained robust after three consecutive freeze-thaw cycles under low-temperature and high-humidity conditions. In addition, the coating effectively resisted snow and frost adhesion and exhibited robust self-cleaning capability. This work presents a low-cost and sustainable passive anti-icing surface engineering strategy, valorizing industrial waste to provide a practical and scalable solution for the protection of infrastructure in cold regions, and offers a platform for the further optimization of durable anti-icing coatings.</p>

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Superhydrophobicity and anti-icing performance under low temperature conditions based on steel slag

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月25日

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  • Yangyang Yu,
  • Ning Tian,
  • Haomin Li,
  • Meng Wang,
  • Qianyuan Liu,
  • Zhaofeng Wu,
  • Junping Zhang

摘要

Superhydrophobic surfaces are widely recognized for their ability to delay icing; however, the mechanisms underlying ice formation on such surfaces remain poorly understood. In this work, we demonstrate that water droplets at room temperature exhibit reduced hydrophobicity on low-temperature surfaces, despite displaying excellent resistance to wetting by water vapor under ambient conditions. A superhydrophobic coating was fabricated by embedding steelmaking slag into a fluorinated silica nanoparticle matrix and binding it with polypropylene. The resulting coating exhibited a water contact angle of 153° and a sliding angle of 3°, delayed water droplet freezing at −10°C by more than twelve-fold and remained robust after three consecutive freeze-thaw cycles under low-temperature and high-humidity conditions. In addition, the coating effectively resisted snow and frost adhesion and exhibited robust self-cleaning capability. This work presents a low-cost and sustainable passive anti-icing surface engineering strategy, valorizing industrial waste to provide a practical and scalable solution for the protection of infrastructure in cold regions, and offers a platform for the further optimization of durable anti-icing coatings.