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<p>Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has emerged as a primary therapeutic approach for neurological disorders, including stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease. Conventional DBS procedures involve the insertion of rigid cylindrical electrodes from the cerebral cortex to the subthalamic nucleus (STN). Researchers have successfully developed a new microelectrode with excellent performance by co-doping multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with ZnO nanoparticles in a polycarbonate matrix to address this limitation. The microelectrode structure was inspired by the bio-mimetic structure of the mosquito maxilla, aiming to minimize insertion-induced tissue damage. Using a custom indentation device for porcine brain tissue puncture tests, the novel electrode showed significant improvements over conventional electrodes: &gt;50% lower insertion force, 82% smaller puncture cross-sectional area, and 40% narrower longitudinal width at the same depth. A systematic biocompatibility evaluation demonstrated the microelectrode’s outstanding cytocompatibility (cell viability &gt;75%) and long-term stability as an implant. This study established a critical theoretical foundation and advanced technical solutions for developing next-generation microelectrodes that integrate optimal mechanical properties and biosafety.</p>

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Design and performance testing of a bionic microelectrode based on mosquito maxilla

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月22日

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  • Lijia Li,
  • Feng Xu,
  • Chi Zhang,
  • Yiqiang Li,
  • Hongwei Zhao

摘要

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has emerged as a primary therapeutic approach for neurological disorders, including stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease. Conventional DBS procedures involve the insertion of rigid cylindrical electrodes from the cerebral cortex to the subthalamic nucleus (STN). Researchers have successfully developed a new microelectrode with excellent performance by co-doping multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with ZnO nanoparticles in a polycarbonate matrix to address this limitation. The microelectrode structure was inspired by the bio-mimetic structure of the mosquito maxilla, aiming to minimize insertion-induced tissue damage. Using a custom indentation device for porcine brain tissue puncture tests, the novel electrode showed significant improvements over conventional electrodes: >50% lower insertion force, 82% smaller puncture cross-sectional area, and 40% narrower longitudinal width at the same depth. A systematic biocompatibility evaluation demonstrated the microelectrode’s outstanding cytocompatibility (cell viability >75%) and long-term stability as an implant. This study established a critical theoretical foundation and advanced technical solutions for developing next-generation microelectrodes that integrate optimal mechanical properties and biosafety.