<p>Nanogenerators utilize nanomaterials to harvest mechanical or thermal energy at the micro-nano scale, thereby providing power for small self-sustaining devices. Compared to traditional generators, nanogenerators offer advantages such as compact size, high flexibility, and broad versatility. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), based on triboelectric theory, can collect energy from mechanical sources such as vibrations or sliding movements. TENGs hold promise for powering small electronics. However, the high pulse characteristics of their output voltage prevent them from directly charging electronic devices. To address the requirements of the internet of things (IoTs), this paper comprehensively reviews state-of-the-art power management systems used to enhance the current stability and output power of TENGs. First, the working principle and resistive load output characteristics of TENGs are elaborated. Power management circuits (PMCs) based on full-wave rectifiers, half-wave rectifiers, and Bennet’s doublers are subsequently analyzed and compared. Mechanical and electronic switches proposed to further improve rectifier performance are also detailed. Mechanical switches are categorized as travel and voltage-triggered switches, while electronic switches include silicon-controlled rectifiers (SCRs), metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs), and integrated circuits. In conclusion, the characteristics and applications of PMCs are summarized, along with the identification of existing limitations in their application. Subsequently, appropriate solutions and prospects for further development are explored.</p>