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<p>Hydrothermal mineralization systems and the geometric distribution of orebodies are structurally controlled. The step metallogenic model previously proposed, based on the structural ore-controlling patterns of the Jiaodong gold province, has provided strong support for breakthroughs in deep prospecting. However, this model still lacks systematic validation through deep observational data and does not adequately explain the formation mechanism of gently dipping, large, and thick orebodies. This study, through detailed statistical analysis of dip angle variations in orebodies and ore-controlling fractures from drill-hole data of typical Jiaodong gold deposits, as well as geophysical detection and inversion revealing deep fault structures and the coupling relationship between orebodies and faults, systematically reveals the ore-controlling patterns within gently dipping fault segments and the characteristics of stepwise mineralization. It indicates that gently dipping orebodies are the main contributors to the enormous gold endowment in Jiaodong Peninsula. Comparative analysis with other typical gold deposits in China suggests that large, thick, and high-grade gold orebodies are distributed in multiple layers from shallow to deep depths, constituting three forms of step metallogenic models: (i) orebodies hosted in the steep-to-gentle dip transition zones and the relatively gentle segments of the same fault; (ii) orebodies occurring in gently dipping secondary fractures adjacent to steeply dipping major faults; and (iii) orebodies controlled by gently dipping interlayer structures within strata bounded by multiple steeply dipping faults. Research indicates that rocks near gently dipping faults have weaker shear fracture resistance and are prone to stress concentration, while the faults themselves exhibit better sealing properties, which are conducive to fluid convergence and precipitation. Within the tectonic setting of the Jiaodong detachment fault system and with granitoids as the main host rocks, a fault dip angle of around 30° is most favorable for forming large ore-hosting spaces. The stepwise metallogenic model holds significant application value for deep gold exploration.</p>

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A step metallogenic model and mechanism for hydrothermal vein-type gold deposits: A case study from the Jiaodong gold province

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月21日

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  • Mingchun Song,
  • Zhiming Yang,
  • Jie Li,
  • Jian Li,
  • Runsheng Wang,
  • Chunyan He,
  • Zhenliang Yang,
  • Junjin Zhang,
  • Tianci Xie

摘要

Hydrothermal mineralization systems and the geometric distribution of orebodies are structurally controlled. The step metallogenic model previously proposed, based on the structural ore-controlling patterns of the Jiaodong gold province, has provided strong support for breakthroughs in deep prospecting. However, this model still lacks systematic validation through deep observational data and does not adequately explain the formation mechanism of gently dipping, large, and thick orebodies. This study, through detailed statistical analysis of dip angle variations in orebodies and ore-controlling fractures from drill-hole data of typical Jiaodong gold deposits, as well as geophysical detection and inversion revealing deep fault structures and the coupling relationship between orebodies and faults, systematically reveals the ore-controlling patterns within gently dipping fault segments and the characteristics of stepwise mineralization. It indicates that gently dipping orebodies are the main contributors to the enormous gold endowment in Jiaodong Peninsula. Comparative analysis with other typical gold deposits in China suggests that large, thick, and high-grade gold orebodies are distributed in multiple layers from shallow to deep depths, constituting three forms of step metallogenic models: (i) orebodies hosted in the steep-to-gentle dip transition zones and the relatively gentle segments of the same fault; (ii) orebodies occurring in gently dipping secondary fractures adjacent to steeply dipping major faults; and (iii) orebodies controlled by gently dipping interlayer structures within strata bounded by multiple steeply dipping faults. Research indicates that rocks near gently dipping faults have weaker shear fracture resistance and are prone to stress concentration, while the faults themselves exhibit better sealing properties, which are conducive to fluid convergence and precipitation. Within the tectonic setting of the Jiaodong detachment fault system and with granitoids as the main host rocks, a fault dip angle of around 30° is most favorable for forming large ore-hosting spaces. The stepwise metallogenic model holds significant application value for deep gold exploration.