<p>Continental silicate weathering acts as a crucial negative feedback mechanism for removing atmospheric CO₂ and maintaining Earth’s long-term climate stability. However, quantifying continental silicate weathering rates and fluxes continues to pose a fundamental challenge in Earth system science. This study utilizes the GEOCLIM carbon cycle model, which integrates modern high-resolution (0.1° × 0.1°) datasets on surface temperature, runoff, topography, and lithology to model the spatial distribution of global silicate weathering fluxes. Results indicate a strong correlation between modeled basin-scale outputs and hydrological observations, with weathering rates falling within consistent error margins. Silicate weathering fluxes exhibit distinct latitudinal patterns, with the highest values concentrated within 30° of the equator, accounting for 76.9% of the global total. Continental contributions differ significantly, with Asian river basins representing 36.9% of global fluxes, primarily from Southeast Asia (17.4%), South Asia (8.2%), and East Asia (6.6%). They are followed by South America (29.2%) and Africa (21.7%). Tectonically active regions contribute 21.9% of global silicate weathering, while stable regions account for 72.6%. Multivariate regression analyses using RF and XGBoost machine learning algorithms identify runoff as the primary controlling factor of weathering on a global scale. Weathering in stable regions is jointly regulated by runoff and erosion rates, whereas temperature is the prevailing factor in tectonically active zones. The GEOCLIM model offers a robust framework for quantifying continental weathering processes. Future studies should incorporate organic carbon oxidation, burial, and sulfide oxidation dynamics to clarify carbon cycle interactions and reveal climate-dependent mechanisms for weathering responses and feedback.</p>