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<p>Two metallogenic belts, the middle-lower Yangtze River belt (MLYB) and the Qin-Hang belt (QHMB), are crucial portions of the Mesozoic metallogenic province in South China. However, there are ongoing debates about their deep mineralization processes and the dynamic mechanisms behind them. By comparing the geological characteristics and time frames of major mineralization in these two belts, the present study has identified four distinct Yanshanian mineralization systems: the QHMB Cu-Au system (175−159 Ma), the QHMB W-Cu system (150−142 Ma), the MLYB Cu-Au (148−135 Ma) system, and the MLYB Fe (134−129 Ma) system. This study integrates petrological, mineralogical, and geochemical characteristics of ore-forming magmatic rocks with deep geophysical data, and investigates how magma sources and deep crust-mantle interactions influence the formation and evolution of these deposits. The findings reveal that the Cu-Au mineralization systems in both belts are associated with magmas derived from a crust-mantle mixed source (Neoproterozoic juvenile lower crust+enriched lithospheric mantle). The W-Cu system is linked to crustal source magmas (Neoproterozoic ancient crust), and the Fe system is genetically related to mantle-derived magmas (enriched lithospheric mantle). The ore-forming metals (Cu and Au, W and Cu, Fe) were sourced from the juvenile lower crust, ancient crust, and enriched lithospheric mantle, respectively. The Yanshanian magmatic and metallogenic events in both the MLYB and QHMB occurred within the same tectonic setting. These events resulted from the reactivation of the “Neoproterozoic crust” (pre-existing metallogenic materials) and “inherited boundary faults” (pre-existing block boundaries) due to the southeast-to-northwest subduction of the paleo-Pacific plate. The reactivated Neoproterozoic crust provided the essential metal elements for mineralization, while the reactivated block boundaries offered pathways for the ascent of ore-forming magmas and aided in determining the locations of formation of ore deposits. Consequently, this study proposes an intraplate “double reactivation” dynamic model to explain the Yanshanian magmatism and metallogenesis in both metallogenic belts.</p>

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Linking deep processes and spatio-temporal evolution of the Yanshanian metallogenic systems in the middle-lower Yangtze River and Qin-Hang metallogenic belts

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月17日

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  • Shiwei Wang,
  • Taofa Zhou,
  • Yu Fan,
  • Feng Yuan,
  • Dayu Zhang,
  • Fangyue Wang,
  • Yinfo Chang

摘要

Two metallogenic belts, the middle-lower Yangtze River belt (MLYB) and the Qin-Hang belt (QHMB), are crucial portions of the Mesozoic metallogenic province in South China. However, there are ongoing debates about their deep mineralization processes and the dynamic mechanisms behind them. By comparing the geological characteristics and time frames of major mineralization in these two belts, the present study has identified four distinct Yanshanian mineralization systems: the QHMB Cu-Au system (175−159 Ma), the QHMB W-Cu system (150−142 Ma), the MLYB Cu-Au (148−135 Ma) system, and the MLYB Fe (134−129 Ma) system. This study integrates petrological, mineralogical, and geochemical characteristics of ore-forming magmatic rocks with deep geophysical data, and investigates how magma sources and deep crust-mantle interactions influence the formation and evolution of these deposits. The findings reveal that the Cu-Au mineralization systems in both belts are associated with magmas derived from a crust-mantle mixed source (Neoproterozoic juvenile lower crust+enriched lithospheric mantle). The W-Cu system is linked to crustal source magmas (Neoproterozoic ancient crust), and the Fe system is genetically related to mantle-derived magmas (enriched lithospheric mantle). The ore-forming metals (Cu and Au, W and Cu, Fe) were sourced from the juvenile lower crust, ancient crust, and enriched lithospheric mantle, respectively. The Yanshanian magmatic and metallogenic events in both the MLYB and QHMB occurred within the same tectonic setting. These events resulted from the reactivation of the “Neoproterozoic crust” (pre-existing metallogenic materials) and “inherited boundary faults” (pre-existing block boundaries) due to the southeast-to-northwest subduction of the paleo-Pacific plate. The reactivated Neoproterozoic crust provided the essential metal elements for mineralization, while the reactivated block boundaries offered pathways for the ascent of ore-forming magmas and aided in determining the locations of formation of ore deposits. Consequently, this study proposes an intraplate “double reactivation” dynamic model to explain the Yanshanian magmatism and metallogenesis in both metallogenic belts.