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<p>Current subtyping methods of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) could not satisfy the clinical demands for risk assessment and prognostic prediction. We aimed to investigate the prognostic effect of autophagy-related genes (ARGs) in DLBCL. Transcriptomic data of 1,409 DLBCL patients, 531 healthy controls (HCs), and single-cell sequencing data of 4 DLBCL were included. Validation involved spatial transcriptomics from 10 DLBCL patients and 110 DLBCL proteomic data from a local cohort. We identified 153 differentially expressed ARGs between DLBCL patients (<i>n</i>=48) and HCs (<i>n</i>=531), classifying 414 DLBCL patients into two subtypes based on autophagy heterogeneity. Subtype I, characterized by upregulated T regulatory (Treg) cells (<i>P</i>&lt;0.0001) and T follicular helper (Tfh) cells (<i>P</i>=0.0012), showed a superior prognosis (<i>P</i>=0.035). Eight prognostic ARGs were selected to construct an autophagy-related model, dividing patients into low- and high-risk groups. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed significantly better outcomes for the low-risk group in both the discovery (<i>P</i>&lt;0.0001) and validation cohorts (<i>P</i>=0.0041). High-risk patients exhibited elevated IDO1 (<i>P</i>=0.042) and LAG3 (<i>P</i>&lt;0.001) levels. Among the eight signature proteins, higher FAS was further verified to indicate a better prognosis in the local cohort (<i>n</i>=110) using antibody array (<i>P</i>=0.0083). FAS was primarily expressed in T cells such as Treg and Tfh cells and was elevated in non-progressive disease patients. FAS-positive T cells showed increased interferon-gamma (normalized enrichment score (NES)=2.196, FDR&lt;0.0001) and alpha (NES=1.836, FDR&lt;0.01) response activities. We constructed an autophagy-related model and identified FAS as a prognostic biomarker. FAS+ Treg and Tfh cell-enriched TME indicated a favorable prognosis.</p>

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Single-cell sequencing and spatial transcriptomics reveal FAS+ T cell and autophagy-related signatures predicting chemoimmunotherapy response in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月15日

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  • Ning Lou,
  • Liyuan Dai,
  • Ruyun Gao,
  • Jianliang Yang,
  • Lin Gui,
  • Sheng Yang,
  • Peng Liu,
  • Yuankai Shi,
  • Xiaohong Han

摘要

Current subtyping methods of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) could not satisfy the clinical demands for risk assessment and prognostic prediction. We aimed to investigate the prognostic effect of autophagy-related genes (ARGs) in DLBCL. Transcriptomic data of 1,409 DLBCL patients, 531 healthy controls (HCs), and single-cell sequencing data of 4 DLBCL were included. Validation involved spatial transcriptomics from 10 DLBCL patients and 110 DLBCL proteomic data from a local cohort. We identified 153 differentially expressed ARGs between DLBCL patients (n=48) and HCs (n=531), classifying 414 DLBCL patients into two subtypes based on autophagy heterogeneity. Subtype I, characterized by upregulated T regulatory (Treg) cells (P<0.0001) and T follicular helper (Tfh) cells (P=0.0012), showed a superior prognosis (P=0.035). Eight prognostic ARGs were selected to construct an autophagy-related model, dividing patients into low- and high-risk groups. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed significantly better outcomes for the low-risk group in both the discovery (P<0.0001) and validation cohorts (P=0.0041). High-risk patients exhibited elevated IDO1 (P=0.042) and LAG3 (P<0.001) levels. Among the eight signature proteins, higher FAS was further verified to indicate a better prognosis in the local cohort (n=110) using antibody array (P=0.0083). FAS was primarily expressed in T cells such as Treg and Tfh cells and was elevated in non-progressive disease patients. FAS-positive T cells showed increased interferon-gamma (normalized enrichment score (NES)=2.196, FDR<0.0001) and alpha (NES=1.836, FDR<0.01) response activities. We constructed an autophagy-related model and identified FAS as a prognostic biomarker. FAS+ Treg and Tfh cell-enriched TME indicated a favorable prognosis.