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<p>High-energy aqueous zinc-bromine batteries (AZBBs) offer a promising approach to static halogen-based energy storage systems. However, they face significant challenges in practical evaluation due to severe self-discharge phenomenon and insufficient cycling stability, which are exacerbated under high mass loading or pouch cell conditions. Recent research advances have addressed these challenges <i>through</i> the use of bromine-complexing agents, electrode surface modification, and electrolyte formulation, which effectively reduce the self-discharge rate and enhance Coulombic efficiency. This review systematically delineates the mechanisms and corresponding strategies for controlling self-discharge in AZBBs, with particular emphasis on their pivotal roles in interfacial stabilization, reaction kinetics modulation, and long-term cycling sustainability. Finally, we propose constructive design orientations for achieving highly reliable and long-lifespan AZBBs systems.</p>

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Designing high-energy static aqueous zinc-bromine batteries: self-discharge control and long-term stability

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月24日

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  • Jintu Qi,
  • Longtao Ma

摘要

High-energy aqueous zinc-bromine batteries (AZBBs) offer a promising approach to static halogen-based energy storage systems. However, they face significant challenges in practical evaluation due to severe self-discharge phenomenon and insufficient cycling stability, which are exacerbated under high mass loading or pouch cell conditions. Recent research advances have addressed these challenges through the use of bromine-complexing agents, electrode surface modification, and electrolyte formulation, which effectively reduce the self-discharge rate and enhance Coulombic efficiency. This review systematically delineates the mechanisms and corresponding strategies for controlling self-discharge in AZBBs, with particular emphasis on their pivotal roles in interfacial stabilization, reaction kinetics modulation, and long-term cycling sustainability. Finally, we propose constructive design orientations for achieving highly reliable and long-lifespan AZBBs systems.