Functions of organic ligands in metal-organic frameworks and their derivatives for photocatalytic CO2 reduction
摘要
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and their derivatives have emerged as promising photocatalysts for CO2 reduction owing to their large surface area, tunable porosity, and adjustable coordination environment. However, a comprehensive understanding of how organic ligands govern the structure-function relationship in MOF-based photocatalysis remains limited. This review provides a ligand-centered perspective on the photocatalytic CO2 reduction (PCR) process, focusing on how ligand functionalization, electronic modulation, and coordination design influence catalytic activity, stability, and selectivity. We summarize recent progress in ligand-regulated MOF systems from both experimental and theoretical viewpoints and discuss the associated structure-activity mechanisms. Finally, current challenges and future opportunities—such as cost-effective synthesis, scalability, and sustainable catalyst design—are discussed to guide the rational development of high-performance MOF photocatalysts for efficient CO2 conversion.