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<p>Rechargeable aqueous zinc-sulfur batteries (ZSBs) hold significant potential for energy storage due to their stable voltage platform and high capacity, yet suffer from sluggish reaction kinetics and poor reversibility. This study introduces a novel dualsolvent electrolyte, combining air-stable <i>N,N</i>-dimethylformamide (DMF) and water with zinc trifluoromethanesulfonate (Zn(OTF)<sub>2</sub>) and trace iodine (I<sub>2</sub>), to address these issues by enhancing the solid/liquid interactions at the cathode, reducing polarization at the zinc anode interface, and immobilizing the I<sub>2</sub> catalyst to prevent sublimation. The DMF-I<sub>2</sub> interaction promotes the formation of I<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>, enhancing catalytic activity while preventing I<sub>2</sub> sublimation. Moreover, DMF’s high desolvation ability optimizes electrode wettability and minimizes the by-products at both the cathode and anode. Moreover, the Zn-Zn symmetric cell used in the dual solvent electrolyte exhibits significantly reduced polarization, extended calendar life, and suppressed dendrite growth, thereby improving both battery reversibility and kinetic performance. These advancements underscore the electrolyte’s potential for advancing the commercial viability of ZSBs.</p>

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Exploring the efficiency of N, N-dimethylformamide for aqueous zinc-sulfur batteries

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月4日

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  • Shan Wang,
  • Wenhao Xu,
  • Liangyu Gong,
  • Linghao Su,
  • Lanju Sun,
  • Guilan Chen,
  • Zhenhua Yan,
  • Jie Wang

摘要

Rechargeable aqueous zinc-sulfur batteries (ZSBs) hold significant potential for energy storage due to their stable voltage platform and high capacity, yet suffer from sluggish reaction kinetics and poor reversibility. This study introduces a novel dualsolvent electrolyte, combining air-stable N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and water with zinc trifluoromethanesulfonate (Zn(OTF)2) and trace iodine (I2), to address these issues by enhancing the solid/liquid interactions at the cathode, reducing polarization at the zinc anode interface, and immobilizing the I2 catalyst to prevent sublimation. The DMF-I2 interaction promotes the formation of I3−, enhancing catalytic activity while preventing I2 sublimation. Moreover, DMF’s high desolvation ability optimizes electrode wettability and minimizes the by-products at both the cathode and anode. Moreover, the Zn-Zn symmetric cell used in the dual solvent electrolyte exhibits significantly reduced polarization, extended calendar life, and suppressed dendrite growth, thereby improving both battery reversibility and kinetic performance. These advancements underscore the electrolyte’s potential for advancing the commercial viability of ZSBs.