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<p>Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) are regarded as highly promising high-energy-density battery technology, primarily due to the ultrahigh theoretical capacity (3860 mAh g<sup>−1</sup>) and low electrochemical redox potential (−3.04 V <i>vs.</i> SHE) of the lithium metal anode. Nevertheless, the inherent flammability of conventional electrolytes poses significant safety challenges, inevitably limiting the practical deployment of LMBs. Triethyl phosphate (TEP)-based electrolytes, which endow the merits of low cost, exceptional thermal stability, and intrinsic nonflammability, have attracted considerable attention. In this review, we first introduce the key challenges associated with TEP-based electrolytes in LMBs. We then provide a comprehensive overview of recent progress in the development of TEP-based electrolytes in LMBs. Furthermore, we discuss modification strategies and propose future research directions for optimizing TEP-based electrolytes in LMBs. This review aims to provide valuable insights and guidance for the design of advanced TEP-based electrolytes, thereby facilitating the development of stable and safe LMBs.</p>

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Recent achievements on nonflammable triethyl phosphate-based electrolytes for stable and safe lithium metal batteries

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月25日

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  • Zhiming Zhou,
  • Yudan Qian,
  • Yun Wan,
  • Xu Xu,
  • Xiaosa Zhang,
  • Xinhui Zeng,
  • Xunzhu Zhou,
  • Xingqiao Wu,
  • Xiang Chen,
  • Jiazhao Wang,
  • Shulei Chou,
  • Lin Li

摘要

Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) are regarded as highly promising high-energy-density battery technology, primarily due to the ultrahigh theoretical capacity (3860 mAh g−1) and low electrochemical redox potential (−3.04 V vs. SHE) of the lithium metal anode. Nevertheless, the inherent flammability of conventional electrolytes poses significant safety challenges, inevitably limiting the practical deployment of LMBs. Triethyl phosphate (TEP)-based electrolytes, which endow the merits of low cost, exceptional thermal stability, and intrinsic nonflammability, have attracted considerable attention. In this review, we first introduce the key challenges associated with TEP-based electrolytes in LMBs. We then provide a comprehensive overview of recent progress in the development of TEP-based electrolytes in LMBs. Furthermore, we discuss modification strategies and propose future research directions for optimizing TEP-based electrolytes in LMBs. This review aims to provide valuable insights and guidance for the design of advanced TEP-based electrolytes, thereby facilitating the development of stable and safe LMBs.