<p>Fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) is frequently added to the electrolyte in low-temperature lithium metal batteries to improve performance. However, its use results in a Li<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>-rich solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the lithium anode, which leads to continuous thickening of the SEI under low-temperature cycling. In this study, the local high-concentration electrolyte was utilized to optimize the solvation structure of Li<sup>+</sup>, thereby adjusting the composition and structure of the SEI. Consequently, the Li∥LiNi<sub>0.8</sub>Co<sub>0.1</sub>Mn<sub>0.1</sub>O<sub>2</sub> cell achieved over 99.5% Coulombic efficiency at −20 °C and sustained over 50 cycles at a 1 C rate at −40 °C, with a specific capacity exceeding 110 mAh/g and a high Coulombic efficiency above 99%. The combined use of ethyl acetate (EA) and 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether (TFTFE) promoted the formation of a layered SEI on the lithium anode, enabling efficient Li<sup>+</sup> desolvation at low temperatures. This provides a novel strategy for designing low-temperature lithium metal battery electrolytes.</p>

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Localized high-concentration electrolyte enhances SEI structure for low-temperature lithium metal batteries

  • Boyao Li,
  • Chenglong Deng,
  • Yu Zhan,
  • Mai Feng,
  • Yifan Li,
  • Nan Chen,
  • Renjie Chen

摘要

Fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) is frequently added to the electrolyte in low-temperature lithium metal batteries to improve performance. However, its use results in a Li2CO3-rich solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the lithium anode, which leads to continuous thickening of the SEI under low-temperature cycling. In this study, the local high-concentration electrolyte was utilized to optimize the solvation structure of Li+, thereby adjusting the composition and structure of the SEI. Consequently, the Li∥LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cell achieved over 99.5% Coulombic efficiency at −20 °C and sustained over 50 cycles at a 1 C rate at −40 °C, with a specific capacity exceeding 110 mAh/g and a high Coulombic efficiency above 99%. The combined use of ethyl acetate (EA) and 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether (TFTFE) promoted the formation of a layered SEI on the lithium anode, enabling efficient Li+ desolvation at low temperatures. This provides a novel strategy for designing low-temperature lithium metal battery electrolytes.