Functionalization of covalent organic frameworks via multicomponent reactions

Functionalized covalent organic frameworks (COFs) represent a fascinating class of porous materials that have attracted widespread interest due to their modifiable structures and impressive potential applications. However, the construction of functionalized COFs remains difficult as it requires simultaneous consideration of robust linkages, diversified structures, and tailorable functionalities. Recently, the introduction of multicomponent reactions (MCRs) into COF synthesis opens new avenues for creating highly stable and function-oriented COF materials, marking a significant advance in the development of COFs. This minireview summarizes the types of MCRs used in COF synthesis, highlights the functionalization strategies of COFs via MCRs, and provides insights on the key challenges and future frontiers in this field.