Recent advances in organic cathodes for dual-ion batteries

Dual-ion batteries (DIBs), a novel energy storage technology wherein both anions and cations actively participate in the electrochemical redox process, hold great promise for further cost reduction in chemical energy storage. Organic materials have garnered significant attention as cathode materials for DIBs due to high working voltage, exceptional rate capability, environmental friendliness, and unique designable structure. This review provides a detailed discussion of the energy storage mechanism and typical characteristics of organic cathode materials from various reaction active sites. This work also highlights the current limitations and proposes ideas for improvement. Finally, potential future directions for the advancement of DIBs are summarized.