<p>Let <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({B_n} = \left( {{R_n} + \frac{1}{{\sqrt n }}T_n^{1/2}{X_n}} \right){\left( {{R_n} + \frac{1}{{\sqrt n }}T_n^{1/2}{X_n}} \right)^*}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msqrt> <mi>n</mi> </msqrt> </mrow> </mfrac> <msubsup> <mi>T</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msqrt> <mi>n</mi> </msqrt> </mrow> </mfrac> <msubsup> <mi>T</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>*</mo> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, where <Emphasis Type="BoldItalic">X</Emphasis><sub><i>n</i></sub> is a <i>p</i> × <i>n</i> matrix with independent standardized random variables, <Emphasis Type="BoldItalic">R</Emphasis><sub><i>n</i></sub> is a <i>p</i> × <i>n</i> nonrandom matrix, representing the information, and <Emphasis Type="BoldItalic">T</Emphasis><sub><i>n</i></sub> is a <i>p</i> × <i>p</i> nonrandom nonnegative definite Hermitian matrix. Under some conditions on <Emphasis Type="BoldItalic">R</Emphasis><sub><i>n</i></sub><Emphasis Type="BoldItalic">R</Emphasis><Stack> <sub>*</sub> <sup><i>n</i></sup> </Stack> and <Emphasis Type="BoldItalic">T</Emphasis><sub><i>n</i></sub>, it has been proved that for any closed interval outside the support of the limit spectral distribution, with probability one, there will be no eigenvalues falling in this interval for all <i>p</i> sufficiently large. In this paper, we carry on with the study of the support of the limit spectral distribution, and describe an exact correspondence between the eigenvalues of <Emphasis Type="BoldItalic">B</Emphasis><sub><i>n</i></sub> and the function <i>h</i><sub><i>j</i></sub>(<i>x</i>) related to the eigenvalues of <Emphasis Type="BoldItalic">R</Emphasis><sub><i>n</i></sub><Emphasis Type="BoldItalic">R</Emphasis><Stack> <sub>*</sub> <sup><i>n</i></sup> </Stack> and <Emphasis Type="BoldItalic">T</Emphasis><sub><i>n</i></sub>. The location of the eigenvalue outside the interval can be fully characterized by whether <i>h</i><sub><i>j</i></sub> (<i>x</i>) is greater or less than −1, thus achieving exact separation of the eigenvalues.</p>

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Exact separation of eigenvalues of large dimensional noncentral sample covariance matrix

  • Huanchao Zhou,
  • Zhidong Bai,
  • Jiang Hu,
  • Jack W. Silverstein

摘要

Let \({B_n} = \left( {{R_n} + \frac{1}{{\sqrt n }}T_n^{1/2}{X_n}} \right){\left( {{R_n} + \frac{1}{{\sqrt n }}T_n^{1/2}{X_n}} \right)^*}\) B n = ( R n + 1 n T n 1 / 2 X n ) ( R n + 1 n T n 1 / 2 X n ) * , where Xn is a p × n matrix with independent standardized random variables, Rn is a p × n nonrandom matrix, representing the information, and Tn is a p × p nonrandom nonnegative definite Hermitian matrix. Under some conditions on RnR * n and Tn, it has been proved that for any closed interval outside the support of the limit spectral distribution, with probability one, there will be no eigenvalues falling in this interval for all p sufficiently large. In this paper, we carry on with the study of the support of the limit spectral distribution, and describe an exact correspondence between the eigenvalues of Bn and the function hj(x) related to the eigenvalues of RnR * n and Tn. The location of the eigenvalue outside the interval can be fully characterized by whether hj (x) is greater or less than −1, thus achieving exact separation of the eigenvalues.