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<p>Mushroom poisoning caused by <i>Tricholoma kakishimeji</i> (Kakishimeji) remains a public health concern in Japan. Ingestion of this mushroom induces acute gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea, and neurological symptoms have also been reported. The toxic principle, ustalic acid (UA), has previously been detected by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) and visualized by MALDI-imaging mass spectrometry, but these methods require laborious preparation and prolonged analysis. Here, we report a rapid and preparation-free method for detecting UA in freshly collected specimens using probe electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (PESI-MS/MS). Fruiting bodies collected in October 2024 from the Iizuna Highlands (Nagano Prefecture) were analyzed in the laboratory, and UA was consistently detected within ~ 30&#xa0;s in negative-ion mode with high sensitivity. This workflow highlights the potential for near-immediate chemical screening of toxic mushrooms, providing same-day diagnostic capability. Our findings demonstrate that PESI-MS/MS provides practical means for rapid chemical screening of freshly harvested mushrooms, offering timely support for toxicological investigations and food safety monitoring.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Rapid laboratory detection of ustalic acid in freshly collected Tricholoma Kakishimeji using probe electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (PESI-MS/MS)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月24日

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  • Tetsuro Ito,
  • Shintaro Aritaki,
  • Mimori Tsuji,
  • Wataru Aoki,
  • Masashi Fukaya,
  • Kaori Ryu,
  • Katsuhiro Shiratake,
  • Akiyoshi Yamada

摘要

Mushroom poisoning caused by Tricholoma kakishimeji (Kakishimeji) remains a public health concern in Japan. Ingestion of this mushroom induces acute gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea, and neurological symptoms have also been reported. The toxic principle, ustalic acid (UA), has previously been detected by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) and visualized by MALDI-imaging mass spectrometry, but these methods require laborious preparation and prolonged analysis. Here, we report a rapid and preparation-free method for detecting UA in freshly collected specimens using probe electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (PESI-MS/MS). Fruiting bodies collected in October 2024 from the Iizuna Highlands (Nagano Prefecture) were analyzed in the laboratory, and UA was consistently detected within ~ 30 s in negative-ion mode with high sensitivity. This workflow highlights the potential for near-immediate chemical screening of toxic mushrooms, providing same-day diagnostic capability. Our findings demonstrate that PESI-MS/MS provides practical means for rapid chemical screening of freshly harvested mushrooms, offering timely support for toxicological investigations and food safety monitoring.

Graphical abstract