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<p>This article develops a comprehensive philosophical account of transformation by integrating phenomenological, narrative, and enactivist approaches. Transformation is conceptualised not as a singular event, but as a continuous and dynamic process, unfolding through complex interactions among lived experience, narrative construction, and embodied action. Central theoretical mechanisms examined include autopoiesis, enactivism, sense-making, and Ian Hacking’s looping effect, which together highlight the recursive interplay between self-perception and socio-cultural classification. The study introduces the figure of <i>homo transformans</i> to emphasise the fluidity, plasticity, and situated responsiveness of identity, focusing on processes such as retrospective reinterpretation, memory reconsolidation, and narrative reconfiguration. Building upon Hacking’s framework, this account draws critically on Gallagher’s pattern theory of self and Tekin’s multidimensional model, offering a more nuanced understanding of how diagnostic practices shape the embodied, affective, and relational dimensions of subjectivity. The article concludes by outlining the therapeutic implications of this view, advocating for a recovery model rooted in narrative agency, embodied sense-making, and socially mediated practices of care. This integrative perspective contributes to ongoing debates in philosophy, psychology, and psychiatry, offering original insights into the existential, ethical, and epistemic dimensions of transformative experience.</p>

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From Sense-Making To the Looping Effect: Unpacking the Philosophy of Transformation

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月1日

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  • Andrzej Kapusta

摘要

This article develops a comprehensive philosophical account of transformation by integrating phenomenological, narrative, and enactivist approaches. Transformation is conceptualised not as a singular event, but as a continuous and dynamic process, unfolding through complex interactions among lived experience, narrative construction, and embodied action. Central theoretical mechanisms examined include autopoiesis, enactivism, sense-making, and Ian Hacking’s looping effect, which together highlight the recursive interplay between self-perception and socio-cultural classification. The study introduces the figure of homo transformans to emphasise the fluidity, plasticity, and situated responsiveness of identity, focusing on processes such as retrospective reinterpretation, memory reconsolidation, and narrative reconfiguration. Building upon Hacking’s framework, this account draws critically on Gallagher’s pattern theory of self and Tekin’s multidimensional model, offering a more nuanced understanding of how diagnostic practices shape the embodied, affective, and relational dimensions of subjectivity. The article concludes by outlining the therapeutic implications of this view, advocating for a recovery model rooted in narrative agency, embodied sense-making, and socially mediated practices of care. This integrative perspective contributes to ongoing debates in philosophy, psychology, and psychiatry, offering original insights into the existential, ethical, and epistemic dimensions of transformative experience.