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<p>In this paper, we introduce a revealed strategy method to capture heterogeneous behavioral patterns in repeated public goods experiments. This method identifies an individual’s strategic type—a stable decision-making tendency in interactive settings—by analyzing behavioral profiles. We conduct a repeated public goods game to collect participants’ behavioral data and then apply both <i>k</i>-medians and hierarchical clustering algorithms to classify them into five distinctive types: free riders, strong cooperators, above-average conditional cooperators, below-average conditional cooperators, and hump-shaped players. These classifications are then used to construct and calibrate an agent-based simulation model. Our simulation results suggest that policies targeting how conditional cooperators respond to perceived social norms may effectively promote cooperation. The revealed strategy method offers a useful tool for experimenters to better characterize group composition and understand strategic interactions, while also providing empirical validation for agent-based models and theoretical studies.</p>

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Classifying heterogeneous cooperation in social dilemmas: experimental evidence and simulation insights

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月29日

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  • Sining Wang

摘要

In this paper, we introduce a revealed strategy method to capture heterogeneous behavioral patterns in repeated public goods experiments. This method identifies an individual’s strategic type—a stable decision-making tendency in interactive settings—by analyzing behavioral profiles. We conduct a repeated public goods game to collect participants’ behavioral data and then apply both k-medians and hierarchical clustering algorithms to classify them into five distinctive types: free riders, strong cooperators, above-average conditional cooperators, below-average conditional cooperators, and hump-shaped players. These classifications are then used to construct and calibrate an agent-based simulation model. Our simulation results suggest that policies targeting how conditional cooperators respond to perceived social norms may effectively promote cooperation. The revealed strategy method offers a useful tool for experimenters to better characterize group composition and understand strategic interactions, while also providing empirical validation for agent-based models and theoretical studies.