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<p>This paper presents a donut-shaped haptic knob in which only the surrounding bezel rotates. The proposed design makes efficient use of the central space, allowing the accommodation of a visual display unit or additional control modules. In this design, magnetorheological (MR) fluid is used to generate abundant resistive torque without relying on mechanical components such as motors and gears. We optimize the design of the haptic knob to maximize the resistive torque, to minimize the magnetic flux loss, and to prevent magnetic saturation through a simulation. Experimental results show that the resistive torque of the haptic knob increased from 0.102 to 0.592 N·m as the applied voltage was increased from 0 to 5 V. This torque variation range enables users to distinguish at least 14 distinct levels of resistive torque. In addition, the proposed haptic knob generates effective vibrotactile feedback over a broad frequency range. If the proposed design is incorporated into applications, such as smart home systems and automotive infotainment systems, it has the potential to significantly enhance user interaction and experience.</p>

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Development of a donut-shaped haptic knob based on magnetorheological fluids

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月25日

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  • Yerim Kim,
  • Gi-Hun Yang

摘要

This paper presents a donut-shaped haptic knob in which only the surrounding bezel rotates. The proposed design makes efficient use of the central space, allowing the accommodation of a visual display unit or additional control modules. In this design, magnetorheological (MR) fluid is used to generate abundant resistive torque without relying on mechanical components such as motors and gears. We optimize the design of the haptic knob to maximize the resistive torque, to minimize the magnetic flux loss, and to prevent magnetic saturation through a simulation. Experimental results show that the resistive torque of the haptic knob increased from 0.102 to 0.592 N·m as the applied voltage was increased from 0 to 5 V. This torque variation range enables users to distinguish at least 14 distinct levels of resistive torque. In addition, the proposed haptic knob generates effective vibrotactile feedback over a broad frequency range. If the proposed design is incorporated into applications, such as smart home systems and automotive infotainment systems, it has the potential to significantly enhance user interaction and experience.