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Purpose <p>This study examines the variations, trends, and change points in sediment flux and its response to various controlling factors such as geographic (latitude, longitude, elevation, slope, catchment area), rainfall (amount and erosivity), discharge, and land use/cover (LULC) changes in the Narmada River basin (NRB), India.</p> Materials and methods <p>Daily sediment load and yield (SL and SY) for 10 sediment monitoring stations have been analyzed with non-parametric tests such as Mann Kendall (MK), homogeneity, Morlet wavelet transforms, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and partial least squares regression (PLSR).</p> Results <p>The results have revealed a significant decline in annual and monsoon season sediment flux. A total reduction of 91% has been observed during human-affected period (1.51 × 10⁶ t) as compared to the reference period (32.92 × 10⁶ t). The anthropogenic activities have contributed (102%) significantly in reducing the SL, while changing climate has enforced a counteracting effect (-2%). Further, SL and specific sediment yield (SSY) have been found positively correlated with elevation, river discharge, and erosivity. The results of PLSR have indicated that runoff variables (mean and maximum discharge and range of discharge) are major controlling factors as these explain 38% to 82% of variance in the sediment yield (SY), and up to 85% at Handia station with cumulative rainfall over the last 30-days.</p> Conclusions <p>This study offers valuable insights about SY changes, which can be useful for policymakers in formulating guidelines to minimize the soil loss and anthropogenic interferences in the basin.</p>

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Sediment flux in response to climatic and anthropogenic factors in the Narmada River Basin, India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月10日

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  • Jyoti Sharma,
  • Ajay Kumar,
  • Omvir Singh

摘要

Purpose

This study examines the variations, trends, and change points in sediment flux and its response to various controlling factors such as geographic (latitude, longitude, elevation, slope, catchment area), rainfall (amount and erosivity), discharge, and land use/cover (LULC) changes in the Narmada River basin (NRB), India.

Materials and methods

Daily sediment load and yield (SL and SY) for 10 sediment monitoring stations have been analyzed with non-parametric tests such as Mann Kendall (MK), homogeneity, Morlet wavelet transforms, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and partial least squares regression (PLSR).

Results

The results have revealed a significant decline in annual and monsoon season sediment flux. A total reduction of 91% has been observed during human-affected period (1.51 × 10⁶ t) as compared to the reference period (32.92 × 10⁶ t). The anthropogenic activities have contributed (102%) significantly in reducing the SL, while changing climate has enforced a counteracting effect (-2%). Further, SL and specific sediment yield (SSY) have been found positively correlated with elevation, river discharge, and erosivity. The results of PLSR have indicated that runoff variables (mean and maximum discharge and range of discharge) are major controlling factors as these explain 38% to 82% of variance in the sediment yield (SY), and up to 85% at Handia station with cumulative rainfall over the last 30-days.

Conclusions

This study offers valuable insights about SY changes, which can be useful for policymakers in formulating guidelines to minimize the soil loss and anthropogenic interferences in the basin.