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Purpose <p>Warming and flooding increase soil input of low-molecular-weight organic acids <b>(</b>LMWOAs<b>)</b>, affecting soil phosphorus (P) fraction partitioning. However, the synergistic effects of LMWOA increase and warming (flooding) on soil P fraction partitioning remain unclear.</p> Methods <p>Riparian zone Fluvisols of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) were collected and incubated with treatments of three LMWOAs (oxalic acid, malic acid, and citric acid), five concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20, 40 mmol kg<sup>− 1</sup>), two temperatures (20&#xa0;°C, 30&#xa0;°C), and two hydrological conditions (drying, flooding).</p> Results <p>Soil concentrations of microbial biomass P (MBP), water-soluble inorganic P (H<sub>2</sub>O-Pi), organic P extracted by sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-Po) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH-Po) increased with LMWOA concentrations. The opposite trends were observed for calcium carbonate, soil inorganic P extracted by sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-Pi), sodium hydroxide (NaOH-Pi), and hydrochloric acid (HCl-Pi). NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-Po, NaOH-Po, and MBP concentrations increased with temperature. The opposite trends were observed for H<sub>2</sub>O-Pi and NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-Pi. NaOH-Pi and NaOH-Po concentrations were lower under flooding than under drying, and the opposite results were detected for H<sub>2</sub>O-Pi, NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-Pi, HCl-Pi, and amorphous iron oxides.</p> Conclusion <p>LMWOA increase and warming would synergistically partition mineral P to H<sub>2</sub>O-Pi, and organic P. Flooding and LMWOA inputs would synergistically partition NaOH-Pi and NaOH-Po to H<sub>2</sub>O-Pi, NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-Pi, and HCl-Pi. The results could deepen our understanding of the soil P cycle and help evaluate soil P loss from the riparian zone to the TGR.</p>

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Warming inhibits the solubilization effect of organic acids on Fluvisols mineral P, partitioning to organic P

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月26日

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  • Liping He,
  • Junyan Liu,
  • Bo Lan,
  • Li Gu,
  • Kehong Wang,
  • Duoyan Liao,
  • Ming Wen,
  • Bo Tong,
  • Tao Tian,
  • Yuhan Gu

摘要

Purpose

Warming and flooding increase soil input of low-molecular-weight organic acids (LMWOAs), affecting soil phosphorus (P) fraction partitioning. However, the synergistic effects of LMWOA increase and warming (flooding) on soil P fraction partitioning remain unclear.

Methods

Riparian zone Fluvisols of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) were collected and incubated with treatments of three LMWOAs (oxalic acid, malic acid, and citric acid), five concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20, 40 mmol kg− 1), two temperatures (20 °C, 30 °C), and two hydrological conditions (drying, flooding).

Results

Soil concentrations of microbial biomass P (MBP), water-soluble inorganic P (H2O-Pi), organic P extracted by sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3-Po) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH-Po) increased with LMWOA concentrations. The opposite trends were observed for calcium carbonate, soil inorganic P extracted by sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3-Pi), sodium hydroxide (NaOH-Pi), and hydrochloric acid (HCl-Pi). NaHCO3-Po, NaOH-Po, and MBP concentrations increased with temperature. The opposite trends were observed for H2O-Pi and NaHCO3-Pi. NaOH-Pi and NaOH-Po concentrations were lower under flooding than under drying, and the opposite results were detected for H2O-Pi, NaHCO3-Pi, HCl-Pi, and amorphous iron oxides.

Conclusion

LMWOA increase and warming would synergistically partition mineral P to H2O-Pi, and organic P. Flooding and LMWOA inputs would synergistically partition NaOH-Pi and NaOH-Po to H2O-Pi, NaHCO3-Pi, and HCl-Pi. The results could deepen our understanding of the soil P cycle and help evaluate soil P loss from the riparian zone to the TGR.