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Purpose <p><i>Cardamine hupingshanensis</i> is known as a natural hyperaccumulator of potentially toxic elements and a potential selenium -enriched plant species. This study aimed to elucidate how exogenous selenium influences the uptake, accumulation, and translocation of selenium and key trace elements (Cd, As, Mn, Zn) in <i>C. hupingshanensis</i>, and to reveal the underlying element–element interactions under controlled soil Se supplementation.</p> Materials and methods <p>A field experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions using sodium selenite as the selenium source. Different Se application rates (0–684 mg/m<sup>2</sup>) were applied to evaluate the dose-dependent effects on elemental accumulation and redistribution among roots, stems, and leaves during seedling, flowering, and fruiting stages. The concentrations of Se and associated trace metals were determined using hydride generation–atomic fluorescence spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and their translocation and interaction patterns were analyzed through bioaccumulation and translocation factors.</p> Results and discussion <p>Sodium selenite treatment markedly enhanced Se accumulation, increasing tissue Se concentrations by nearly two orders of magnitude at rates above 342 mg/m<sup>2</sup>. The Se distribution pattern shifted from root &gt; stem &gt; leaf at the seedling stage to stem &gt; root &gt; leaf at flowering, when accumulation peaked. Cd accumulation in leaves increased initially and declined at higher Se levels, while As showed reduced root-to-shoot mobility. Se addition enhanced Mn translocation but inhibited Zn mobility, revealing a low-dose synergistic and high-dose antagonistic relationship between Se and these metals.</p> Conclusions <p>Moderate selenium supplementation significantly enhanced Se enrichment and regulated Cd transport in <i>C. hupingshanensis</i> without markedly affecting As uptake. These findings advance the understanding of Se–metal interactions in hyperaccumulator species and support the potential application of <i>C. hupingshanensis</i> for selenium biofortification and phytoremediation in multi-element-contaminated environments. Future studies should focus on field-scale validation under diverse soil conditions, elucidation of molecular mechanisms governing Se–metal interactions, and assessment of the long-term ecological and agronomic feasibility of Se application strategies.</p>

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Effects of sodium selenite on selenium and trace elements uptake in Cardamine hupingshanensis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月25日

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  • Lingyang Yao,
  • Yanhua You,
  • Yuehua Zhao,
  • Huan Tian,
  • Zhengyu Bao,
  • Zhenzhen Ma,
  • Shuyun Xie,
  • Shengying Qiao

摘要

Purpose

Cardamine hupingshanensis is known as a natural hyperaccumulator of potentially toxic elements and a potential selenium -enriched plant species. This study aimed to elucidate how exogenous selenium influences the uptake, accumulation, and translocation of selenium and key trace elements (Cd, As, Mn, Zn) in C. hupingshanensis, and to reveal the underlying element–element interactions under controlled soil Se supplementation.

Materials and methods

A field experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions using sodium selenite as the selenium source. Different Se application rates (0–684 mg/m2) were applied to evaluate the dose-dependent effects on elemental accumulation and redistribution among roots, stems, and leaves during seedling, flowering, and fruiting stages. The concentrations of Se and associated trace metals were determined using hydride generation–atomic fluorescence spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and their translocation and interaction patterns were analyzed through bioaccumulation and translocation factors.

Results and discussion

Sodium selenite treatment markedly enhanced Se accumulation, increasing tissue Se concentrations by nearly two orders of magnitude at rates above 342 mg/m2. The Se distribution pattern shifted from root > stem > leaf at the seedling stage to stem > root > leaf at flowering, when accumulation peaked. Cd accumulation in leaves increased initially and declined at higher Se levels, while As showed reduced root-to-shoot mobility. Se addition enhanced Mn translocation but inhibited Zn mobility, revealing a low-dose synergistic and high-dose antagonistic relationship between Se and these metals.

Conclusions

Moderate selenium supplementation significantly enhanced Se enrichment and regulated Cd transport in C. hupingshanensis without markedly affecting As uptake. These findings advance the understanding of Se–metal interactions in hyperaccumulator species and support the potential application of C. hupingshanensis for selenium biofortification and phytoremediation in multi-element-contaminated environments. Future studies should focus on field-scale validation under diverse soil conditions, elucidation of molecular mechanisms governing Se–metal interactions, and assessment of the long-term ecological and agronomic feasibility of Se application strategies.