Purpose <p>Research on nitrogen migration and transformation in wetland sediments under the complex hydrological conditions of estuaries is currently limited. This review summarizes the existing knowledge on nitrogen sources, transformation mechanisms, and the regulatory effects of tidal dynamics, and identifies key priorities for future research.</p> Methods <p>Based on keywords such as “Sediment”, “Tide”, “Nitrogen”, “Estuary”, “Inorganic Nitrogen Cycling”, etc., relevant literature was retrieved from the Web of Science database to review and assess the progress of nitrogen cycling in estuarine wetland sediments and to examine the influence of tides and the application of model-based research methods.</p> Results <p>Nitrogen sources in estuarine wetland sediments are diverse, including tidal inflows, surface runoff, groundwater, and atmospheric deposition. These inputs are shaped by climate change and local hydrometeorological factors, with tidal dynamics playing a dominant role. Periodic tidal fluctuations, together with wetland geomorphology, markedly influence nitrogen migration and transformation in sediments. Existing studies often neglect real-time tidal variability and the interactive effects of environmental factors and tides. Numerical models enhance the prediction of nitrogen cycling processes in such dynamic settings.</p> Conclusion <p>A thorough understanding of nitrogen cycling regulated by tidal dynamics in estuarine wetlands is crucial for effective ecosystem conservation and nitrogen management. Future research should combine extensive field observations with modeling to elucidate the spatiotemporal dynamics of inorganic nitrogen, thereby guiding targeted strategies for wetland restoration and sustainable management.</p>