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Purpose <p>Iron, a ubiquitous element in lakes, is a favorable electron acceptor driving the anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM). Nevertheless, direct isotopic evidence of iron-coupled AOM activity in lake sediments remains scarce. This study aimed to quantify the potential activity of this process and identify its key controlling factors in the sediments of Lake Changdang, China.</p> Materials and methods <p>We employed the <sup>13</sup>CH<sub>4</sub> stable isotope tracing technique to analyze sediment samples collected from three depth intervals (0–10&#xa0;cm, 10–20&#xa0;cm, and 20–30&#xa0;cm) to quantify the potential activity of iron-coupled AOM. Boruta algorithm and random forest model were further applied to evaluate the potential importance of key factors influencing the potential iron-coupled AOM activity.</p> Results and discussion <p>This study confirmed that iron-coupled AOM activity was widely observed throughout sediment profiles, with a measured potential rate ranging from 0.93 to 3.42&#xa0;nmol <sup>13</sup>CO<sub>2</sub> g<sup>−1</sup> d<sup>−1</sup>. Compared with the previously reported nitrate/nitrite-coupled AOM rates in the same lake, iron-coupled AOM accounted for an average of 33.6% of the total AOM activity. Correlation analysis identified sediment organic carbon and iron(III) contents as the key environmental factors that regulate iron-coupled AOM activity. We further identified putative ANME-2d lineages potentially linked to iron-coupled AOM.</p> Conclusion <p>The above findings indicate that iron-coupled AOM is frequently detected in lake sediments and may play an important role in mitigating methane emissions.</p>

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Evidence for activity of iron-coupled anaerobic methane oxidation along lake sediment profiles

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月2日

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  • Yanping Wang,
  • Bingjie Ren,
  • Sile Wen,
  • Yuhan Jin,
  • Yanan Bai,
  • Yuzhi Song,
  • Lidong Shen

摘要

Purpose

Iron, a ubiquitous element in lakes, is a favorable electron acceptor driving the anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM). Nevertheless, direct isotopic evidence of iron-coupled AOM activity in lake sediments remains scarce. This study aimed to quantify the potential activity of this process and identify its key controlling factors in the sediments of Lake Changdang, China.

Materials and methods

We employed the 13CH4 stable isotope tracing technique to analyze sediment samples collected from three depth intervals (0–10 cm, 10–20 cm, and 20–30 cm) to quantify the potential activity of iron-coupled AOM. Boruta algorithm and random forest model were further applied to evaluate the potential importance of key factors influencing the potential iron-coupled AOM activity.

Results and discussion

This study confirmed that iron-coupled AOM activity was widely observed throughout sediment profiles, with a measured potential rate ranging from 0.93 to 3.42 nmol 13CO2 g−1 d−1. Compared with the previously reported nitrate/nitrite-coupled AOM rates in the same lake, iron-coupled AOM accounted for an average of 33.6% of the total AOM activity. Correlation analysis identified sediment organic carbon and iron(III) contents as the key environmental factors that regulate iron-coupled AOM activity. We further identified putative ANME-2d lineages potentially linked to iron-coupled AOM.

Conclusion

The above findings indicate that iron-coupled AOM is frequently detected in lake sediments and may play an important role in mitigating methane emissions.