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Purpose <p><i>Strobilanthes sarcorrhiza</i> is a high-value medicinal plant, but its cultivation is severely constrained by continuous cropping obstacles (CCOs) that reduce yield and quality. This study aims to elucidate the agroecological mechanisms driving this decline, specifically focusing on the deterioration of rhizosphere soil properties and microbial community succession.</p> Methods <p>We investigated rhizosphere microecological changes under multi-year monoculture of <i>S. sarcorrhiza</i>. Plant growth traits, soil physicochemical properties, and bacterial community structure (via 16&#xa0;S rRNA sequencing) were systematically evaluated to assess the impact of continuous cropping duration.</p> Results <p>Continuous cropping induced a distinct divergence in nitrogen forms, characterized by ammonium enrichment and nitrate depletion. Specifically, bacterial diversity significantly decreased in the 3-year-old soil relative to the 1-year-old stage, while the co-occurrence network transitioned from cooperative to competitive interactions. PLS-PM analysis revealed that cultivation duration primarily drove pathogen accumulation (e.g., <i>Ralstonia</i>), which subsequently dismantled the beneficial bacterial community structure. A “time-lag” was observed between rhizosphere deterioration and plant performance: while the underground environment degraded linearly, aboveground growth was severely inhibited after an initial compensatory allocation to root tuber, indicating a decoupling of environmental stress and yield response.</p> Conclusion <p>The continuous cropping decline in <i>S. sarcorrhiza</i> is fundamentally driven by pathogen-induced microbiome destabilization linked to ammonium enrichment. Because severe underground dysbiosis precedes visible aboveground yield loss, recognizing this latent ecological risk underscores the necessity for early interventions, such as precision nitrogen management and targeted bio-inoculation, to restore rhizosphere homeostasis.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Continuous cropping of Strobilanthes sarcorrhiza drives rhizosphere bacterial community dysbiosis and growth suppression

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月14日

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  • Meifang Huang,
  • Jiuzhou Chen,
  • Tianchi Jiang,
  • Kuan Xu,
  • Baoping Xie,
  • Luyi Peng,
  • Xiaoxia Liu,
  • Jie Wang,
  • Weiying Ji,
  • Haizhong Lin,
  • Shengke Tian

摘要

Purpose

Strobilanthes sarcorrhiza is a high-value medicinal plant, but its cultivation is severely constrained by continuous cropping obstacles (CCOs) that reduce yield and quality. This study aims to elucidate the agroecological mechanisms driving this decline, specifically focusing on the deterioration of rhizosphere soil properties and microbial community succession.

Methods

We investigated rhizosphere microecological changes under multi-year monoculture of S. sarcorrhiza. Plant growth traits, soil physicochemical properties, and bacterial community structure (via 16 S rRNA sequencing) were systematically evaluated to assess the impact of continuous cropping duration.

Results

Continuous cropping induced a distinct divergence in nitrogen forms, characterized by ammonium enrichment and nitrate depletion. Specifically, bacterial diversity significantly decreased in the 3-year-old soil relative to the 1-year-old stage, while the co-occurrence network transitioned from cooperative to competitive interactions. PLS-PM analysis revealed that cultivation duration primarily drove pathogen accumulation (e.g., Ralstonia), which subsequently dismantled the beneficial bacterial community structure. A “time-lag” was observed between rhizosphere deterioration and plant performance: while the underground environment degraded linearly, aboveground growth was severely inhibited after an initial compensatory allocation to root tuber, indicating a decoupling of environmental stress and yield response.

Conclusion

The continuous cropping decline in S. sarcorrhiza is fundamentally driven by pathogen-induced microbiome destabilization linked to ammonium enrichment. Because severe underground dysbiosis precedes visible aboveground yield loss, recognizing this latent ecological risk underscores the necessity for early interventions, such as precision nitrogen management and targeted bio-inoculation, to restore rhizosphere homeostasis.

Graphical Abstract