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Purpose <p>As a critical geographical boundary in inland China, the monsoon-margin areas exhibit high sensitivity to global climate change. However, it remains unclear how to distinguish the individual effects of precipitation and temperature, as well as their coupling effects on soil elements and their stoichiometry in the broad climate-sensitive regions.</p> Materials and methods <p>The contents of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) in surface soil were measured along a northeast-southwest grassland transect (~ 6000&#xa0;km) in the monsoon margin areas. Based on variations in mean annual precipitation (MAP), the spatial variations of soil C, N, and P stoichiometric ratios and their driving mechanisms were analyzed under two distinct models of non-controlled rainfall regimes (MAP: 80–598&#xa0;mm) and precipitation-controlled regimes (MAP: 350–450&#xa0;mm), respectively.</p> Results and discussion <p>Soil C, N and P contents, as well as soil C: N, C: P and N: P ratios, decreased with increasing aridity gradient, implying that intensified aridity may lead to the depletion of soil major elements. No significant correlation was observed between mean annual temperature (MAT) and soil C and N contents under non-controlled rainfall regimes, whereas soil C, N, and P contents exhibited a decreasing trend with increasing MAT when precipitation was constrained. Random forest revealed that the variations in soil C, N, and P contents and their stoichiometric ratios were jointly influenced by elevation (ELE) and mean annual precipitation (MAP) under non-controlled rainfall regimes. However, the variations in soil C, N, and P contents were jointly influenced by ELE and MAT under precipitation-controlled regimes. Moreover, the ELE could significantly influence the soil C, N, and P contents as well as their C: N:P stoichiometry mainly through indirectly impact on the variations in MAT under the two regimes.</p> Conclusions <p>These findings suggest that global warming and increased aridity could negatively impact soil nutrients, and temperature effects may be offset by increased precipitation in grassland ecosystems.</p>

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Spatial variations in soil carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus stoichiometry across a northeast-southwest grassland transect in the monsoon-margin areas of China

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月18日

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  • Yuan Zhang,
  • Na Rao,
  • Bosen Yuan,
  • Kai Wu,
  • Xieping Xiang,
  • Xumin Wei,
  • Fangfang Xu,
  • Jiusheng Ren,
  • Yang Zhang,
  • Ting Wu,
  • Yun Zhang,
  • Chao Huang,
  • Rong Mao,
  • Zhiguo Rao,
  • Fuxi Shi

摘要

Purpose

As a critical geographical boundary in inland China, the monsoon-margin areas exhibit high sensitivity to global climate change. However, it remains unclear how to distinguish the individual effects of precipitation and temperature, as well as their coupling effects on soil elements and their stoichiometry in the broad climate-sensitive regions.

Materials and methods

The contents of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) in surface soil were measured along a northeast-southwest grassland transect (~ 6000 km) in the monsoon margin areas. Based on variations in mean annual precipitation (MAP), the spatial variations of soil C, N, and P stoichiometric ratios and their driving mechanisms were analyzed under two distinct models of non-controlled rainfall regimes (MAP: 80–598 mm) and precipitation-controlled regimes (MAP: 350–450 mm), respectively.

Results and discussion

Soil C, N and P contents, as well as soil C: N, C: P and N: P ratios, decreased with increasing aridity gradient, implying that intensified aridity may lead to the depletion of soil major elements. No significant correlation was observed between mean annual temperature (MAT) and soil C and N contents under non-controlled rainfall regimes, whereas soil C, N, and P contents exhibited a decreasing trend with increasing MAT when precipitation was constrained. Random forest revealed that the variations in soil C, N, and P contents and their stoichiometric ratios were jointly influenced by elevation (ELE) and mean annual precipitation (MAP) under non-controlled rainfall regimes. However, the variations in soil C, N, and P contents were jointly influenced by ELE and MAT under precipitation-controlled regimes. Moreover, the ELE could significantly influence the soil C, N, and P contents as well as their C: N:P stoichiometry mainly through indirectly impact on the variations in MAT under the two regimes.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that global warming and increased aridity could negatively impact soil nutrients, and temperature effects may be offset by increased precipitation in grassland ecosystems.