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Purpose <p>Selenium (Se) in soil is absorbed by the human body through the food chain, playing a crucial role in human health and directly relating to regional ecological security as well as the livelihoods of farmers and herdsmen. However, the current study of Se concentration in cultivated soils in the main agricultural areas of Tibet still suffers from the problems of unclear driving mechanism of natural-anthropogenic multi-factors coupling and imperfect management system of Se resource zoning. This study aims to investigate the spatial distribution of Se in topsoil and its driving mechanisms in the main agricultural regions of Tibet (Yarlung Zangbo–Nyangqu–Lhasa River Basin), predict the distribution of Se-rich and potentially Se-rich cultivated land to support sustainable agricultural development and ecological security.</p> Materials and methods <p>A total of 168 topsoil samples were collected and analyzed for Se content. Spatial stratified heterogeneity analysis was employed to assess influencing factors and their interactions. A random forest model, integrated with cropland distribution and crop growth conditions, was used to predict Se-rich and potentially Se-rich cultivated areas.</p> Results and discussion <p>The Se concentration in soils ranged from 0.01 to 1.25&#xa0;mg/kg, with only 15.48% classified as Se-rich (&gt; 0.3&#xa0;mg/kg). Vegetation type played a key role in regulating Se levels by influencing soil organic matter and plant uptake. The spatial distribution exhibited a “high in the west, low in the east” pattern, with higher soil Se content in the western region likely attributed to its higher elevation, lower temperatures, and localized Carboniferous sedimentary enrichment. The area of existing Se-rich cropland was 339&#xa0;km² (14.38% of total cultivated land), while potential Se-rich cropland covered 834.26&#xa0;km² (1.25% of the study area).</p> Conclusion <p>This research provides a new idea for predicting Se-rich and potentially Se-rich cultivated land area, which can further promote the sustainable growth of local healthy and functional agriculture and animal husbandry.</p>

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Source apportionment and distribution prediction of high-selenium cultivated soils in the Yarlung Zangbo–Nyangqu–Lhasa river basins

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月13日

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  • Xinjie Zha,
  • Yizhuo Yang,
  • Lizhi Jia,
  • Liyuan Deng,
  • Huifang Zhang,
  • Yan Wei,
  • Yuan Tian

摘要

Purpose

Selenium (Se) in soil is absorbed by the human body through the food chain, playing a crucial role in human health and directly relating to regional ecological security as well as the livelihoods of farmers and herdsmen. However, the current study of Se concentration in cultivated soils in the main agricultural areas of Tibet still suffers from the problems of unclear driving mechanism of natural-anthropogenic multi-factors coupling and imperfect management system of Se resource zoning. This study aims to investigate the spatial distribution of Se in topsoil and its driving mechanisms in the main agricultural regions of Tibet (Yarlung Zangbo–Nyangqu–Lhasa River Basin), predict the distribution of Se-rich and potentially Se-rich cultivated land to support sustainable agricultural development and ecological security.

Materials and methods

A total of 168 topsoil samples were collected and analyzed for Se content. Spatial stratified heterogeneity analysis was employed to assess influencing factors and their interactions. A random forest model, integrated with cropland distribution and crop growth conditions, was used to predict Se-rich and potentially Se-rich cultivated areas.

Results and discussion

The Se concentration in soils ranged from 0.01 to 1.25 mg/kg, with only 15.48% classified as Se-rich (> 0.3 mg/kg). Vegetation type played a key role in regulating Se levels by influencing soil organic matter and plant uptake. The spatial distribution exhibited a “high in the west, low in the east” pattern, with higher soil Se content in the western region likely attributed to its higher elevation, lower temperatures, and localized Carboniferous sedimentary enrichment. The area of existing Se-rich cropland was 339 km² (14.38% of total cultivated land), while potential Se-rich cropland covered 834.26 km² (1.25% of the study area).

Conclusion

This research provides a new idea for predicting Se-rich and potentially Se-rich cultivated land area, which can further promote the sustainable growth of local healthy and functional agriculture and animal husbandry.