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Purpose <p>With the acceleration of industrialization and the increasing frequency of human activities, the quantity of anthropogenic magnetic spherules in environmental media has risen significantly, becoming a hot topic in Earth sciences. However, a comprehensive synthesis of their characteristics is currently lacking, which limits our understanding and impedes effective monitoring and management strategies.</p> Materials and methods <p>This systematic review collates the existing research results of anthropogenic magnetic spherules, including the characteristics (abundance, particle size, morphology, chemical composition) of anthropogenic magnetic spherules in different environments, and further explores their relationship with the industrialization process as well as their influence on magnetic signals, heavy metal enrichment, and the organic carbon cycle in sedimentary environments.</p> Results and discussion <p>Our findings revealed that the abundance of anthropogenic magnetic spherical particles in different layers of sediments is consistent with the timing of regional industrialization, verifying that it can serve as a marker of the industrialization process. Anthropogenic magnetic spherules enhance sediment magnetic signals (e.g., the magnetic susceptibility will increase by 3 to 10 times) and concentrate heavy metals (e.g., Pb, Zn, Cr), with release amplified under acidic conditions. They also influence organic carbon cycling via iron-mediated adsorption, mineralization, and marine “fertilization”.</p> Conclusions <p>The negative impacts of anthropogenic magnetic spherules have garnered widespread attention. It is necessary to conduct more in-depth and systematic research on this topic. Future research should: (1) develop advanced extraction techniques for higher-purity anthropogenic magnetic spherules isolation; (2) establish a global database with machine-learning-assisted anthropogenic magnetic spherules classification; and (3) expand Southern Hemisphere sampling to assess global anthropogenic impact patterns and anthropogenic magnetic spherules transport mechanisms.</p>

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Distribution characteristics of anthropogenic magnetic spherule in different environments and their sedimentary environmental effects

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月15日

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  • Yiqing Zhong,
  • Yonghong Wang

摘要

Purpose

With the acceleration of industrialization and the increasing frequency of human activities, the quantity of anthropogenic magnetic spherules in environmental media has risen significantly, becoming a hot topic in Earth sciences. However, a comprehensive synthesis of their characteristics is currently lacking, which limits our understanding and impedes effective monitoring and management strategies.

Materials and methods

This systematic review collates the existing research results of anthropogenic magnetic spherules, including the characteristics (abundance, particle size, morphology, chemical composition) of anthropogenic magnetic spherules in different environments, and further explores their relationship with the industrialization process as well as their influence on magnetic signals, heavy metal enrichment, and the organic carbon cycle in sedimentary environments.

Results and discussion

Our findings revealed that the abundance of anthropogenic magnetic spherical particles in different layers of sediments is consistent with the timing of regional industrialization, verifying that it can serve as a marker of the industrialization process. Anthropogenic magnetic spherules enhance sediment magnetic signals (e.g., the magnetic susceptibility will increase by 3 to 10 times) and concentrate heavy metals (e.g., Pb, Zn, Cr), with release amplified under acidic conditions. They also influence organic carbon cycling via iron-mediated adsorption, mineralization, and marine “fertilization”.

Conclusions

The negative impacts of anthropogenic magnetic spherules have garnered widespread attention. It is necessary to conduct more in-depth and systematic research on this topic. Future research should: (1) develop advanced extraction techniques for higher-purity anthropogenic magnetic spherules isolation; (2) establish a global database with machine-learning-assisted anthropogenic magnetic spherules classification; and (3) expand Southern Hemisphere sampling to assess global anthropogenic impact patterns and anthropogenic magnetic spherules transport mechanisms.