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Purpose <p>Saline-alkaline soils in the Bohai Rim–a critical yet understudied agricultural zone–pose challenges to regional food security. This study aimed to unravel the coupled effects of natural-anthropogenic interactive drivers of salinization dynamics and conduct a field experiment to evaluate amelioration potential of pine needles, which are waste products from the extraction of plant negative oxygen ion liquid, as a low-cost soil amendment.</p> Methods <p>This study investigated the spatiotemporal changes of saline-alkaline soils from 2000 to 2024 using remote sensing and field sampling data, and quantified the contributions of climatic and human factors through the geographic detector model. A 20,000 m<sup>2</sup> field experiment was conducted to assess the effects of pine needle amendments on soil properties.</p> Results <p>Over the past decades, the area of severely saline-alkaline soils decreased by 25.90%, while non-saline-alkaline areas increased by 7.31%. Natural (51.34%) and anthropogenic (48.66%) factors jointly influenced salinization, with temperature accounting for 27.01% and nighttime light intensity accounting for 14.90% as the major contributors. Pine needle additions significantly improved soil quality: organic matter increased by 4.0%, available phosphorus increased by 1.9%, pH decreased by 4.1%, and salinity was effectively suppressed.</p> Conclusion <p>This study highlights the interactive mechanisms of natural and human influences on salinization and further demonstrates the effectiveness of pine needle amendments for soil rehabilitation. The findings offer valuable insights for sustainable management and ecological restoration of saline-alkaline soils in the region.</p>

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Natural and anthropogenic drivers of salinization in the Bohai Rim: Mechanisms and remediation through pine needle amendments

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月12日

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  • Baijun Shang,
  • Feng Wang,
  • Tong Li,
  • Zhihong Xu,
  • Bernhard Wehr,
  • Yash P. Dang,
  • Rongxiao Che,
  • Lizhen Cui,
  • Jintong Liu,
  • Hui Gao,
  • Shuhui Yu,
  • Tonggang Fu

摘要

Purpose

Saline-alkaline soils in the Bohai Rim–a critical yet understudied agricultural zone–pose challenges to regional food security. This study aimed to unravel the coupled effects of natural-anthropogenic interactive drivers of salinization dynamics and conduct a field experiment to evaluate amelioration potential of pine needles, which are waste products from the extraction of plant negative oxygen ion liquid, as a low-cost soil amendment.

Methods

This study investigated the spatiotemporal changes of saline-alkaline soils from 2000 to 2024 using remote sensing and field sampling data, and quantified the contributions of climatic and human factors through the geographic detector model. A 20,000 m2 field experiment was conducted to assess the effects of pine needle amendments on soil properties.

Results

Over the past decades, the area of severely saline-alkaline soils decreased by 25.90%, while non-saline-alkaline areas increased by 7.31%. Natural (51.34%) and anthropogenic (48.66%) factors jointly influenced salinization, with temperature accounting for 27.01% and nighttime light intensity accounting for 14.90% as the major contributors. Pine needle additions significantly improved soil quality: organic matter increased by 4.0%, available phosphorus increased by 1.9%, pH decreased by 4.1%, and salinity was effectively suppressed.

Conclusion

This study highlights the interactive mechanisms of natural and human influences on salinization and further demonstrates the effectiveness of pine needle amendments for soil rehabilitation. The findings offer valuable insights for sustainable management and ecological restoration of saline-alkaline soils in the region.