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Purpose <p>This study investigates the impact of deforestation on SOC changes in the Central Highlands of Vietnam, a region experiencing extensive conversion of natural forests into agricultural land. In this study we also examine physicochemical soil properties and environmental factors that influence carbon retention and loss such as soil porosity, clay and silt contents, climate conditions, and land use patterns.</p> Materials and methods <p>We collected soil samples at 27 locations samples from natural forests, planted forests, and coffee plantations across a 150&#xa0;km² catchment in the Central Highlands. Using advanced modeling techniques, including Absolute Principal Component Factor (APCF) analysis, we developed a three-factor model that explains the majority of SOC variance and total variance in the input dataset.</p> Results and discussion <p>The conversion of natural forest to planted forest and coffee land reduced SOC in the topsoil (0–30&#xa0;cm) by 12% and 30%, respectively. SOC storage patterns varied across pore spaces, clay minerals, and silt particles. Following deforestation, SOC stored in clay minerals – the most stable reservoir – declined significantly, while SOC in pore spaces became increasingly dominant in agricultural soils, indicating heightened vulnerability to leaching and greenhouse gas emissions. Additionally, erosion processes disproportionately affected SOC bound to silt particles, highlighting the role of land management in controlling carbon redistribution.</p> Conclusions <p>The factor model detected the three OC settlements usually found in the soil: clay and silt minerals and pore space between mineral particles. This study underscores the need for sustainable land use practices, such as reforestation with native species, erosion control, and reduced soil disturbance, to preserve SOC stocks and enhance ecological resilience. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of SOC dynamics in tropical regions and offer actionable insights for balancing agricultural productivity with environmental conservation.</p>

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Deforestation and land use changes impact soil organic carbon stocks in the central highlands of Vietnam

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月27日

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  • P. S. Hai,
  • P. D. Hien,
  • N. H. Nghia,
  • N. M. Dao,
  • P. Q. Trung,
  • N. T. H. Lan,
  • L. X. Thang

摘要

Purpose

This study investigates the impact of deforestation on SOC changes in the Central Highlands of Vietnam, a region experiencing extensive conversion of natural forests into agricultural land. In this study we also examine physicochemical soil properties and environmental factors that influence carbon retention and loss such as soil porosity, clay and silt contents, climate conditions, and land use patterns.

Materials and methods

We collected soil samples at 27 locations samples from natural forests, planted forests, and coffee plantations across a 150 km² catchment in the Central Highlands. Using advanced modeling techniques, including Absolute Principal Component Factor (APCF) analysis, we developed a three-factor model that explains the majority of SOC variance and total variance in the input dataset.

Results and discussion

The conversion of natural forest to planted forest and coffee land reduced SOC in the topsoil (0–30 cm) by 12% and 30%, respectively. SOC storage patterns varied across pore spaces, clay minerals, and silt particles. Following deforestation, SOC stored in clay minerals – the most stable reservoir – declined significantly, while SOC in pore spaces became increasingly dominant in agricultural soils, indicating heightened vulnerability to leaching and greenhouse gas emissions. Additionally, erosion processes disproportionately affected SOC bound to silt particles, highlighting the role of land management in controlling carbon redistribution.

Conclusions

The factor model detected the three OC settlements usually found in the soil: clay and silt minerals and pore space between mineral particles. This study underscores the need for sustainable land use practices, such as reforestation with native species, erosion control, and reduced soil disturbance, to preserve SOC stocks and enhance ecological resilience. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of SOC dynamics in tropical regions and offer actionable insights for balancing agricultural productivity with environmental conservation.