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Purpose <p>Establishing Social Product Declarations (SPD), akin to Environmental Product Declarations (EPD), is crucial for promoting sustainability and transparency in product design and manufacturing. The objective of this paper is to explore the interconnections among Social Product Category Rules (S-PCRs), Social Product Declarations (SPDs), and social labeling systems within B2B and B2C communication contexts. This paper also outlines the essential steps in SPD development and propose an S-PCR for rechargeable batteries used in mobile and stationary applications, with particular emphasis on defining the Goal and Scope (G&amp;S) elements in accordance with ISO 14075 and the UNEP 2020 Guidelines.</p> Methods <p>The research began with identifying product categories of battery by conducting a comprehensive review of the types of battery materials, technologies and its potential applications. Developments on Social Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA) methodology, Product Category Rules (PCR), Product Environmental Footprint Category Rules (PEFCR), EPD, and existing S-LCA literatures, as well as European battery regulations were reviewed to establish the structure of S-PCR and SPD. A combinatorial top-down approach (analysis and validation of multiple sources of statistical data at the national and international level) and bottom-up approach (condensation and summarization of details from stakeholders at the company level) are used to define elements of G&amp;S.</p> Results and discussion <p>As a result of this research, the integration of S-LCA, S-PCRs and SPDs into an external communication labeling system is developed in alignment with the B2B and B2C communication frameworks established by UNEP 2020 Guidelines. In addition, a comprehensive flowchart illustrating the SPD development process was created to promote consistent implementation and clearer understanding. This paper also defined the framework of the G&amp;S phase according to ISO 14075 and UNEP Guideline 2020 for S-PCR of batteries. The S-PCR proposal is a stepping stone towards the SPD of battery.</p> Conclusions and recommendations <p>The first SPD in rolling stock has proven that the EPD system can be applied in S-LCA as well. To obtain an SPD for a specific product, the initial step involves the search or development of S-PCR within the respective industry.</p>

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Advancing social sustainability of battery: developing social product category rules - Goal and Scope

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月11日

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  • Davis Jose,
  • Marzia Traverso

摘要

Purpose

Establishing Social Product Declarations (SPD), akin to Environmental Product Declarations (EPD), is crucial for promoting sustainability and transparency in product design and manufacturing. The objective of this paper is to explore the interconnections among Social Product Category Rules (S-PCRs), Social Product Declarations (SPDs), and social labeling systems within B2B and B2C communication contexts. This paper also outlines the essential steps in SPD development and propose an S-PCR for rechargeable batteries used in mobile and stationary applications, with particular emphasis on defining the Goal and Scope (G&S) elements in accordance with ISO 14075 and the UNEP 2020 Guidelines.

Methods

The research began with identifying product categories of battery by conducting a comprehensive review of the types of battery materials, technologies and its potential applications. Developments on Social Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA) methodology, Product Category Rules (PCR), Product Environmental Footprint Category Rules (PEFCR), EPD, and existing S-LCA literatures, as well as European battery regulations were reviewed to establish the structure of S-PCR and SPD. A combinatorial top-down approach (analysis and validation of multiple sources of statistical data at the national and international level) and bottom-up approach (condensation and summarization of details from stakeholders at the company level) are used to define elements of G&S.

Results and discussion

As a result of this research, the integration of S-LCA, S-PCRs and SPDs into an external communication labeling system is developed in alignment with the B2B and B2C communication frameworks established by UNEP 2020 Guidelines. In addition, a comprehensive flowchart illustrating the SPD development process was created to promote consistent implementation and clearer understanding. This paper also defined the framework of the G&S phase according to ISO 14075 and UNEP Guideline 2020 for S-PCR of batteries. The S-PCR proposal is a stepping stone towards the SPD of battery.

Conclusions and recommendations

The first SPD in rolling stock has proven that the EPD system can be applied in S-LCA as well. To obtain an SPD for a specific product, the initial step involves the search or development of S-PCR within the respective industry.