<p>Accelerated biological aging has been associated with mortality, but it remains unclear whether longitudinal changes in age acceleration predict long-term mortality risk. In the population-based Dutch Lifelines cohort, we estimated biological age using the Klemera–Doubal method (KDM-BA) and derived KDM-BA acceleration at baseline and follow-up. We examined baseline acceleration (continuous and categorical: &lt;  − 1, − 1 to 1 [reference], &gt; 1&#xa0;year), annual change in acceleration and four aging&#xa0;trajectory groups. Associations with all-cause mortality were assessed using Cox models adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic status and lifestyle factors. Among 90,632 participants (3,976 deaths; median follow-up 13.8&#xa0;years), higher baseline KDM-BA acceleration was associated with higher mortality (HR per 1-year increase = 1.07; 95% CI: 1.06–1.08); acceleration &gt; 1&#xa0;year predicted higher mortality risk (HR = 1.31; 95% CI: 1.21–1.42) compared with − 1 to 1&#xa0;years. Among 25,752 participants with repeated assessments (879 deaths; median baseline-to-follow-up 4.3&#xa0;years), a greater annual increase in acceleration was associated with higher mortality (HR per 1-year/year increase = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.07–1.37), and persistent accelerated aging showed the highest risk (HR = 1.39; 95% CI: 1.19–1.62) compared with stable non-accelerated aging. Higher baseline KDM-BA acceleration and worsening acceleration over time were associated with higher long-term all-cause mortality, supporting repeated clinical assessment to monitor biological aging in population settings.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Biological age acceleration, longitudinal change and mortality risk in the Dutch Lifelines cohort

  • Shanshan Zuo,
  • Juan Carlos Rivillas,
  • Tim van Zutphen,
  • Judith M. Vonk

摘要

Accelerated biological aging has been associated with mortality, but it remains unclear whether longitudinal changes in age acceleration predict long-term mortality risk. In the population-based Dutch Lifelines cohort, we estimated biological age using the Klemera–Doubal method (KDM-BA) and derived KDM-BA acceleration at baseline and follow-up. We examined baseline acceleration (continuous and categorical: <  − 1, − 1 to 1 [reference], > 1 year), annual change in acceleration and four aging trajectory groups. Associations with all-cause mortality were assessed using Cox models adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic status and lifestyle factors. Among 90,632 participants (3,976 deaths; median follow-up 13.8 years), higher baseline KDM-BA acceleration was associated with higher mortality (HR per 1-year increase = 1.07; 95% CI: 1.06–1.08); acceleration > 1 year predicted higher mortality risk (HR = 1.31; 95% CI: 1.21–1.42) compared with − 1 to 1 years. Among 25,752 participants with repeated assessments (879 deaths; median baseline-to-follow-up 4.3 years), a greater annual increase in acceleration was associated with higher mortality (HR per 1-year/year increase = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.07–1.37), and persistent accelerated aging showed the highest risk (HR = 1.39; 95% CI: 1.19–1.62) compared with stable non-accelerated aging. Higher baseline KDM-BA acceleration and worsening acceleration over time were associated with higher long-term all-cause mortality, supporting repeated clinical assessment to monitor biological aging in population settings.

Graphical Abstract