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<p>Neuroimaging studies have shown age-related alterations in brain structure and function supporting semantic knowledge, although the significance of these is not fully understood. Herein, we report novel temporal, spectral, and spatial information on age-related changes from the largest dynamic functional mapping study of semantic processing. Participants (<i>N</i> = 130, age range 21–87 years, <i>M</i><sub>age</sub>&#xa0;= 51.05, SD = 14.73, 68 females) performed a semantic judgement task during magnetoencephalography (MEG), and significant task-related oscillatory responses were projected into anatomical space using a beamformer. Voxel-wise linear mixed-effects models were performed to assess semantic-related neural oscillations, irrespective of and influenced by age. Mediation analyses were performed to assess if local oscillations mediated the relationship between age and reaction time. Whole-brain analyses revealed stronger left-lateralized alpha/beta oscillations in frontotemporal cortices during semantic trials and stronger right-lateralized alpha/beta responses in temporoparietal regions during length trials (all <i>ps</i> &lt;.001). Older adults showed stronger left temporoparietal alpha and left frontal beta during semantic processing and stronger alpha in the right temporal cortex during the length condition (all <i>p</i>s &lt;.001). Alpha oscillations further mediated the relationship between age and reaction time in a hemisphere- and condition-specific manner, whereby right temporal activity mediated the age-behavior relationship in the length but not semantic condition (<i>Z</i> = 2.01,<i> p</i> =.022), while left temporoparietal activity significantly mediated this relationship in the semantic but not length condition (Z =  − 2.41,<i> p</i> =.008). Altogether, our findings demonstrate accentuated oscillations in aging which are hemisphere- and condition-specific and support compensatory processing to aid in maintaining adequate behavioral performance, lending clear support to leading neuroscientific models of aging.</p>

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Hemisphere- and condition-specific alpha oscillations support semantic and spatial cognition in aging

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月9日

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  • Maggie P. Rempe,
  • Danae S. Manta,
  • Kayle Cohen,
  • Ryan J. Glesinger,
  • Hannah J. Okelberry,
  • Jason A. John,
  • Anna T. Coutant,
  • Lucy K. Horne,
  • Grant M. Garrison,
  • Kennedy A. Kress,
  • Lucas Weyrich,
  • Chloe C. Casagrande,
  • Madelyn P. Willett,
  • Hallie J. Johnson,
  • Alex I. Wiesman,
  • Elizabeth Heinrichs-Graham,
  • Rachel K. Spooner,
  • Christine M. Embury,
  • Tony W. Wilson

摘要

Neuroimaging studies have shown age-related alterations in brain structure and function supporting semantic knowledge, although the significance of these is not fully understood. Herein, we report novel temporal, spectral, and spatial information on age-related changes from the largest dynamic functional mapping study of semantic processing. Participants (N = 130, age range 21–87 years, Mage = 51.05, SD = 14.73, 68 females) performed a semantic judgement task during magnetoencephalography (MEG), and significant task-related oscillatory responses were projected into anatomical space using a beamformer. Voxel-wise linear mixed-effects models were performed to assess semantic-related neural oscillations, irrespective of and influenced by age. Mediation analyses were performed to assess if local oscillations mediated the relationship between age and reaction time. Whole-brain analyses revealed stronger left-lateralized alpha/beta oscillations in frontotemporal cortices during semantic trials and stronger right-lateralized alpha/beta responses in temporoparietal regions during length trials (all ps <.001). Older adults showed stronger left temporoparietal alpha and left frontal beta during semantic processing and stronger alpha in the right temporal cortex during the length condition (all ps <.001). Alpha oscillations further mediated the relationship between age and reaction time in a hemisphere- and condition-specific manner, whereby right temporal activity mediated the age-behavior relationship in the length but not semantic condition (Z = 2.01, p =.022), while left temporoparietal activity significantly mediated this relationship in the semantic but not length condition (Z =  − 2.41, p =.008). Altogether, our findings demonstrate accentuated oscillations in aging which are hemisphere- and condition-specific and support compensatory processing to aid in maintaining adequate behavioral performance, lending clear support to leading neuroscientific models of aging.