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<p>The intensification of the greenhouse effect has been primarily driven by anthropogenic CO₂ emissions, leading to significant climate change. Among the strategies to mitigate CO₂ emissions from industrial activities, adsorption using activated carbons (ACs) derived from renewable sources stands out as a promising approach. Activated carbons were prepared via chemical activation of malt bagasse, a brewing industry by-product, using NaOH, Na₂C₂O₄, Na₂CO₃, and their mixtures as activating agents. The augmented simplex-centroid method was employed to optimize the process and obtain an activated carbon (ACₒₚ) with high BET surface area. The materials were characterized by proximate analysis, N₂ physisorption, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman spectroscopy. CO₂ adsorption experiments were performed at different temperatures to assess performance. The optimized carbon (ACₒₚ) exhibited a well-developed porous structure and high surface area, achieving a CO₂ adsorption capacity of 2.83&#xa0;mmol&#xa0;g⁻<sup>1</sup> at 273&#xa0;K. The results demonstrated that NaOH-activated carbon provides favorable properties for CO₂ capture, confirming the feasibility of malt bagasse as a sustainable precursor for efficient adsorbent materials.</p>

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Optimization of chemically activated carbon derived from malt bagasse for CO₂ adsorption: a simplex-centroid approach

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月27日

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  • Giovanna C. Carlos,
  • Lucas H. S. Crespo,
  • Pedro H. C. Voloch,
  • Aline A. R. Andrade,
  • Pedro H. V. Ribeiro,
  • Faissal Robbin,
  • Vitor C. Almeida,
  • Lucas Spessato

摘要

The intensification of the greenhouse effect has been primarily driven by anthropogenic CO₂ emissions, leading to significant climate change. Among the strategies to mitigate CO₂ emissions from industrial activities, adsorption using activated carbons (ACs) derived from renewable sources stands out as a promising approach. Activated carbons were prepared via chemical activation of malt bagasse, a brewing industry by-product, using NaOH, Na₂C₂O₄, Na₂CO₃, and their mixtures as activating agents. The augmented simplex-centroid method was employed to optimize the process and obtain an activated carbon (ACₒₚ) with high BET surface area. The materials were characterized by proximate analysis, N₂ physisorption, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman spectroscopy. CO₂ adsorption experiments were performed at different temperatures to assess performance. The optimized carbon (ACₒₚ) exhibited a well-developed porous structure and high surface area, achieving a CO₂ adsorption capacity of 2.83 mmol g⁻1 at 273 K. The results demonstrated that NaOH-activated carbon provides favorable properties for CO₂ capture, confirming the feasibility of malt bagasse as a sustainable precursor for efficient adsorbent materials.