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<p>Trematodes of the genus <i>Mesostephanus</i> infect domestic dogs and may pose a zoonotic risk to humans, with control still relying primarily on synthetic anthelmintic. This study aimed to assess the safety of <i>Citrus aurantium</i> peel extract in parasitized dogs by evaluating intestinal integrity and hematological parameters. Thirty dogs were assigned to six groups (<i>n</i> = 5): G1, healthy untreated; G2, healthy treated with 300&#xa0;mg/kg of the extract; G3 and G4, infected treated with 150 and 300&#xa0;mg/kg of the extract, respectively; G5, infected treated with praziquantel (5&#xa0;mg/kg); and G6, infected untreated. Fecal egg count reduction, hematological analysis, and small-intestine histopathology were assessed up to day 28. In total, 300&#xa0;mg/kg of <i>C. aurantium</i> extract (G4) achieved 98.73% efficacy by day 28 with hematological improvement comparable to praziquantel. The infected untreated group (G6) maintained high worm burdens and exhibited severe villous atrophy and epithelial loss, whereas the administration of <i>C. aurantium</i> peel extract preserved intestinal morphology and improved its appearance. <i>Citrus aurantium</i> peel extract represents a highly effective, dose-dependent natural antitrematodal option against <i>Mesostephanus</i> spp. in dogs, offering a safe alternative or complementary strategy to synthetic trematocides while valorizing citrus by-products. </p>

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Therapeutic potential of Citrus aurantium peel extract against canine Mesostephanus infection: in vivo safety assessment

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月2日

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  • Aliaa A. Abd-Elaziz,
  • Eman M. Abouelhassan,
  • Elham A. Elkhawass,
  • Obeid Shanab,
  • Waleed F. Khalil,
  • Abdelfattah M. Abdelfattah

摘要

Trematodes of the genus Mesostephanus infect domestic dogs and may pose a zoonotic risk to humans, with control still relying primarily on synthetic anthelmintic. This study aimed to assess the safety of Citrus aurantium peel extract in parasitized dogs by evaluating intestinal integrity and hematological parameters. Thirty dogs were assigned to six groups (n = 5): G1, healthy untreated; G2, healthy treated with 300 mg/kg of the extract; G3 and G4, infected treated with 150 and 300 mg/kg of the extract, respectively; G5, infected treated with praziquantel (5 mg/kg); and G6, infected untreated. Fecal egg count reduction, hematological analysis, and small-intestine histopathology were assessed up to day 28. In total, 300 mg/kg of C. aurantium extract (G4) achieved 98.73% efficacy by day 28 with hematological improvement comparable to praziquantel. The infected untreated group (G6) maintained high worm burdens and exhibited severe villous atrophy and epithelial loss, whereas the administration of C. aurantium peel extract preserved intestinal morphology and improved its appearance. Citrus aurantium peel extract represents a highly effective, dose-dependent natural antitrematodal option against Mesostephanus spp. in dogs, offering a safe alternative or complementary strategy to synthetic trematocides while valorizing citrus by-products.