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<p>Agriculture is an important part of the Brazilian economy; however, its production is extremely dependent on agricultural chemicals which may reach non-target locations, such as water and sediment from surface water bodies, and accentuate their risks and their permanence in the environment. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of pesticides in water samples from the Ijuí river basin (Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil), a region with intensive agricultural activities. Experiments were conducted in 12 sites in the basin. The Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) technique and the QuEChERS-acetate methodology were used for preparing water samples and sediment samples, respectively. Besides, to determine the chemical compounds under study, Liquid Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (LC–MS) was conducted. The ecological risk of quantified pesticides was also calculated. In surface waters, pesticide concentrations ranged from &lt; LOQ to 0.078&#xa0;µg⋅L<sup>−1</sup>; cyproconazole, atrazine and penoxsulam exhibited the highest concentrations. In sediments, metsulfuron-methyl was found at the highest concentration, i. e., 189&#xa0;µg⋅kg<sup>−1</sup>. There is high diversity and concentration of pesticides downstream from the basin, a fact which may be related to hydroelectric lakes and increase in agricultural areas towards the mouth. Furthermore, these locations were found to pose great ecological risks, which ranged from low to moderate, regarding the sediment. Concerning water, sites close to the mouth posed high risk for aquatic plants due to atrazine and cyproconazole. Results highlight the contamination of waters and sediments in the Ijuí river basin with pesticides and should warn people of the extent of the impact of agricultural activities on the environment.</p>

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Occurrence and ecological risk of pesticides in water and sediments in regions with intensive agricultural activities

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月10日

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  • Endi Adriano Fures,
  • Rafaela Roberta Morelato,
  • Alonso Moscon,
  • Laila Barcelos,
  • Miqueias de Castro da Silva,
  • Lisiane Martins Volcão,
  • Jonas Simon Dugatto,
  • David Augusto Reynalte Tataje,
  • Liziara da Costa Cabrera

摘要

Agriculture is an important part of the Brazilian economy; however, its production is extremely dependent on agricultural chemicals which may reach non-target locations, such as water and sediment from surface water bodies, and accentuate their risks and their permanence in the environment. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of pesticides in water samples from the Ijuí river basin (Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil), a region with intensive agricultural activities. Experiments were conducted in 12 sites in the basin. The Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) technique and the QuEChERS-acetate methodology were used for preparing water samples and sediment samples, respectively. Besides, to determine the chemical compounds under study, Liquid Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (LC–MS) was conducted. The ecological risk of quantified pesticides was also calculated. In surface waters, pesticide concentrations ranged from < LOQ to 0.078 µg⋅L−1; cyproconazole, atrazine and penoxsulam exhibited the highest concentrations. In sediments, metsulfuron-methyl was found at the highest concentration, i. e., 189 µg⋅kg−1. There is high diversity and concentration of pesticides downstream from the basin, a fact which may be related to hydroelectric lakes and increase in agricultural areas towards the mouth. Furthermore, these locations were found to pose great ecological risks, which ranged from low to moderate, regarding the sediment. Concerning water, sites close to the mouth posed high risk for aquatic plants due to atrazine and cyproconazole. Results highlight the contamination of waters and sediments in the Ijuí river basin with pesticides and should warn people of the extent of the impact of agricultural activities on the environment.