Scholarlink

<p>High-pressure acid leaching (HPAL) operations in Indonesia are projected to produce up to 543,000 tons of nickel product, generating over 26 million tons of nickel limonite tailings (NLT) as a residue, which will have an impact on the environment. This study will focus on determining the optimal composition of HPAL-NLT and fly ash for brick-making by examining their physical and chemical properties, mass loss, compressive strength, and flexural strength. Subsequently, bricks with the optimal composition are subjected to standardization in accordance with the Indonesian national standard SNI 15–2094-2000 for bricks. The method used is geopolymerization with the addition of sodium hydroxide and water glass as alkaline activators. An optimal composition was found in sample A5, which has a composition of 20% HPAL-NLT and 80% fly ash. In standardization, A4 and A5 samples were taken as representatives. As a result, M-5a (A4) meets the requirements in terms of water absorption (18.09%) and toxicity, but fails to meet the main requirement of compressive strength (4.36&#xa0;MPa). On the other hand, M-5a (A5) far exceeds the standard compressive strength of 5&#xa0;MPa required in this module (9.74&#xa0;MPa). M-5a (A5) also meets the standards in terms of water absorption (13.95%) and toxicity. However, the presence of salt lumps on the brick surface, low apparent density, and economic feasibility remain challenges and important considerations for practical implementation.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Green utilization of two industrial wastes as new materials for eco-friendly brick-making in Indonesia: the influence of fly ash composition on the strength of bricks made from HPAL nickel limonite residue

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月1日

查看全文
  • Ismail Masudin,
  • Guo Xueyi,
  • Lei Jie,
  • Liu Wei,
  • Yan Xiaodong

摘要

High-pressure acid leaching (HPAL) operations in Indonesia are projected to produce up to 543,000 tons of nickel product, generating over 26 million tons of nickel limonite tailings (NLT) as a residue, which will have an impact on the environment. This study will focus on determining the optimal composition of HPAL-NLT and fly ash for brick-making by examining their physical and chemical properties, mass loss, compressive strength, and flexural strength. Subsequently, bricks with the optimal composition are subjected to standardization in accordance with the Indonesian national standard SNI 15–2094-2000 for bricks. The method used is geopolymerization with the addition of sodium hydroxide and water glass as alkaline activators. An optimal composition was found in sample A5, which has a composition of 20% HPAL-NLT and 80% fly ash. In standardization, A4 and A5 samples were taken as representatives. As a result, M-5a (A4) meets the requirements in terms of water absorption (18.09%) and toxicity, but fails to meet the main requirement of compressive strength (4.36 MPa). On the other hand, M-5a (A5) far exceeds the standard compressive strength of 5 MPa required in this module (9.74 MPa). M-5a (A5) also meets the standards in terms of water absorption (13.95%) and toxicity. However, the presence of salt lumps on the brick surface, low apparent density, and economic feasibility remain challenges and important considerations for practical implementation.