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<p>Gut-associated fungal endofauna confronted with stressful conditions have the potential to secrete diverse bioactive metabolites. In this context, the present study aims to uncover the hidden metabolite profiling of less explored fungal gut parasites associated with rhizosphere nematodes of <i>Withania somnifera</i>. The nematode <i>Xiphinema nuragicum</i>, predominantly found in <i>W. somnifera</i> rhizosphere, was explored for its gut endofauna. This study represents the first report on the isolation of <i>X. nuragicum</i> from the rhizosphere of <i>W. somnifera</i> and the exploration of endofauna inhabiting the gut of <i>X. nuragicum</i>. Among different fungal isolates inhabiting the gut of <i>X. nuragicum</i>, <i>Fusarium fujikuroi</i> (R3) was found to be the most potent isolate and was therefore selected for the isolation and identification of its active metabolites. Three compounds were characterized from <i>F. fujikuroi</i>, namely di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), 2,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl) phenol, and 1,4-di-tert-butyl-2-chlorobenzene. The compounds exhibited strong cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activities with potential therapeutic applications. The present study also revealed the bioremediation potential of <i>X. nuragicum</i>, hosting <i>F. fujikuroi</i> already known for its ability to eliminate environmental pollutants such as DEHP and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Despite these promising findings, in-depth mechanistic studies would be the future perspective of the current study.</p>

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Metabolite profiling and bioactivity of fungal endofauna from Xiphinema nuragicum in the rhizosphere of Withania somnifera

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月13日

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  • Jyoti Chandan,
  • Suruchi Gupta,
  • Zabeer Ahmed,
  • Shashank Kumar Singh,
  • Puneet Kumar,
  • Rupali Choudhary,
  • Sundeep Jaglan,
  • Yogesh Bharitkar,
  • Gurleen Kour,
  • Ekta Nehra,
  • Ravail Singh

摘要

Gut-associated fungal endofauna confronted with stressful conditions have the potential to secrete diverse bioactive metabolites. In this context, the present study aims to uncover the hidden metabolite profiling of less explored fungal gut parasites associated with rhizosphere nematodes of Withania somnifera. The nematode Xiphinema nuragicum, predominantly found in W. somnifera rhizosphere, was explored for its gut endofauna. This study represents the first report on the isolation of X. nuragicum from the rhizosphere of W. somnifera and the exploration of endofauna inhabiting the gut of X. nuragicum. Among different fungal isolates inhabiting the gut of X. nuragicum, Fusarium fujikuroi (R3) was found to be the most potent isolate and was therefore selected for the isolation and identification of its active metabolites. Three compounds were characterized from F. fujikuroi, namely di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), 2,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl) phenol, and 1,4-di-tert-butyl-2-chlorobenzene. The compounds exhibited strong cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activities with potential therapeutic applications. The present study also revealed the bioremediation potential of X. nuragicum, hosting F. fujikuroi already known for its ability to eliminate environmental pollutants such as DEHP and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Despite these promising findings, in-depth mechanistic studies would be the future perspective of the current study.