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<p>In bustling urban environments, large parks serve a vital function by offering accessible green spaces for diverse city populations. However, hidden inequities persist beneath the surface of physical accessibility. This study employs Tianjin Water Park as a case study to develop a “drive-match” dual-module framework aimed at uncovering the mechanisms influencing park visitation frequency and diagnosing spatial supply-demand mismatches. Utilizing data from questionnaires (<i>n</i>=575) and a multinomial logit model, the findings reveal that environmental preference factors, such as the pedestrian-to-vehicle lane ratio and degree of mixed-use, provide significantly greater explanatory power for visitation frequency than sociodemographic variables. Additionally, the double entropy weight method uncovers systematic discrepancies between subjective and objective evaluations: the weight of shading demand (11.99%) substantially exceeds its objective supply (3.81%), while the provision of the green view index (GVI) is inadequately perceived, leading to ineffective supply along medium-quality paths. Spatial coupling analysis indicates a pronounced polarization in the relationship between path scores and actual visitation frequencies. By diagnosing spatial mismatches through a multidimensional framework, this study offers a translatable tool for urban stock renewal and emphasizes the importance of integrating subjective and objective evaluations to effectively address spatial equity.</p>

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Unveiling hidden inequities: a dual-perspectives diagnostic framework for pedestrian environment mismatches in urban park accessibility

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月13日

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  • Hao Dong,
  • Zhen Xu

摘要

In bustling urban environments, large parks serve a vital function by offering accessible green spaces for diverse city populations. However, hidden inequities persist beneath the surface of physical accessibility. This study employs Tianjin Water Park as a case study to develop a “drive-match” dual-module framework aimed at uncovering the mechanisms influencing park visitation frequency and diagnosing spatial supply-demand mismatches. Utilizing data from questionnaires (n=575) and a multinomial logit model, the findings reveal that environmental preference factors, such as the pedestrian-to-vehicle lane ratio and degree of mixed-use, provide significantly greater explanatory power for visitation frequency than sociodemographic variables. Additionally, the double entropy weight method uncovers systematic discrepancies between subjective and objective evaluations: the weight of shading demand (11.99%) substantially exceeds its objective supply (3.81%), while the provision of the green view index (GVI) is inadequately perceived, leading to ineffective supply along medium-quality paths. Spatial coupling analysis indicates a pronounced polarization in the relationship between path scores and actual visitation frequencies. By diagnosing spatial mismatches through a multidimensional framework, this study offers a translatable tool for urban stock renewal and emphasizes the importance of integrating subjective and objective evaluations to effectively address spatial equity.