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<p>Large uncertainties remain in the carbon-sink capacity and energy balance of wetland ecosystems under climate change, largely due to limited understanding of the coupled dynamics of climate, carbon, and energy. In this study, we analyzed eddy-covariance measurements of carbon dioxide (CO₂) and energy fluxes in the Jingxin Wetland, Northeast China, from August 2021 to August 2023, to identify the key drivers of net ecosystem exchange (NEE) and energy partitioning. The results showed that the Jingxin Wetland functioned as a strong annual carbon sink. Vapor pressure deficit (VPD) emerged as the dominant regulator of CO₂ fluxes, while latent heat flux (LE) was the main consumer of net radiation (Rn), accounting for approximately 73.5% of the total. Across both growing and dormant seasons, Rn strongly influenced LE, which subsequently affected VPD during the growing season and thereby shaped seasonal patterns of carbon cycling. These findings highlight the crucial role of water availability and energy partitioning in regulating wetland carbon dynamics. Beyond process-level insights, the results also underscore the importance of management: coordinated hydrological regulation combined with vegetation restoration can enhance CO₂ uptake and accelerate the transition of wetlands from carbon sources to sinks. Therefore, this study provides both mechanistic understanding and practical guidance to support wetland conservation and planning under climate change.</p>

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Vapor pressure deficit plays a pivotal role in the carbon dioxide sink of the Jingxin wetland

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月22日

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  • Ruihan Liang,
  • Guishan Cui,
  • Zhen Xu,
  • Yitong Ding

摘要

Large uncertainties remain in the carbon-sink capacity and energy balance of wetland ecosystems under climate change, largely due to limited understanding of the coupled dynamics of climate, carbon, and energy. In this study, we analyzed eddy-covariance measurements of carbon dioxide (CO₂) and energy fluxes in the Jingxin Wetland, Northeast China, from August 2021 to August 2023, to identify the key drivers of net ecosystem exchange (NEE) and energy partitioning. The results showed that the Jingxin Wetland functioned as a strong annual carbon sink. Vapor pressure deficit (VPD) emerged as the dominant regulator of CO₂ fluxes, while latent heat flux (LE) was the main consumer of net radiation (Rn), accounting for approximately 73.5% of the total. Across both growing and dormant seasons, Rn strongly influenced LE, which subsequently affected VPD during the growing season and thereby shaped seasonal patterns of carbon cycling. These findings highlight the crucial role of water availability and energy partitioning in regulating wetland carbon dynamics. Beyond process-level insights, the results also underscore the importance of management: coordinated hydrological regulation combined with vegetation restoration can enhance CO₂ uptake and accelerate the transition of wetlands from carbon sources to sinks. Therefore, this study provides both mechanistic understanding and practical guidance to support wetland conservation and planning under climate change.