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<p>The definition of the best environmental recovery techniques is essential for the sustainability of bauxite mining in the Amazon. The objective of this study was to assess the impacts of different environmental recovery methods and periods on the soil organic matter contents and physical attributes in bauxite mining areas in the eastern Amazon, Brazil. Soil samples were collected in areas under recovery through seedling planting, natural regeneration, and nucleation for 4 and 9 years after exploration, as well as a reference forest area. The area under natural regeneration for 9 years was the most similar to the natural forest topsoil in terms of organic matter, water infiltration, geometric mean diameter (GMD) of aggregates, and proportion of 2 mm aggregates, showing the highest potential for the recovery of soil quality. The soil physical attributes of the area with 9 years of recovery through seedling planting were negatively impacted by management practices, such as soil disturbance under high humidity conditions, which promoted a high mortality of seedlings. The recovery period positively affected the surface soil, with higher GMD values observed after longer periods. These minesoils did not show short-term changes at the subsoil (0.2–0.4 m), indicating that soil attributes in deeper depths demand a longer recovery period.</p>

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Bauxite mining in the Amazon: impacts of environmental recovery methods on soil organic matter and physical attributes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月7日

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  • Rikelly Souza Souza,
  • Norberto Cornejo Noronha,
  • Alberto Bentes Brasil Neto,
  • Wendel Valter da Silveira Pereira,
  • Marcos André Piedade Gama,
  • Jéssy Anni Vilhena Senado,
  • Eduardo Jorge Maklouf Carvalho,
  • Gracialda Costa Ferreira,
  • Mário Lopes da Silva Júnior

摘要

The definition of the best environmental recovery techniques is essential for the sustainability of bauxite mining in the Amazon. The objective of this study was to assess the impacts of different environmental recovery methods and periods on the soil organic matter contents and physical attributes in bauxite mining areas in the eastern Amazon, Brazil. Soil samples were collected in areas under recovery through seedling planting, natural regeneration, and nucleation for 4 and 9 years after exploration, as well as a reference forest area. The area under natural regeneration for 9 years was the most similar to the natural forest topsoil in terms of organic matter, water infiltration, geometric mean diameter (GMD) of aggregates, and proportion of 2 mm aggregates, showing the highest potential for the recovery of soil quality. The soil physical attributes of the area with 9 years of recovery through seedling planting were negatively impacted by management practices, such as soil disturbance under high humidity conditions, which promoted a high mortality of seedlings. The recovery period positively affected the surface soil, with higher GMD values observed after longer periods. These minesoils did not show short-term changes at the subsoil (0.2–0.4 m), indicating that soil attributes in deeper depths demand a longer recovery period.