Background <p>The soccer inside kick requires coordinated trunk–pelvis and lower-limb motion across multiple planes. However, the relationship between velocity-specific hip-strength imbalances and continuous kinematic patterns remains unclear.</p> Aims <p>To examine preliminary associations between multiplanar hip-strength ratios and phase-specific trunk–pelvis and lower-limb kinematics during the inside kick.</p> Methods <p>Eighteen male soccer players performed maximal inside kicks following isokinetic hip-strength assessment at 180°/s and 300°/s. Participant-averaged kinematic waveforms were analyzed using one-dimensional statistical parametric mapping (1D-SPM) linear regression. This study was exploratory, and no formal correction for the multiple SPM models was applied.</p> Results <p>A higher stance-limb IR/ER ratio at 180°/s was associated with greater ipsilateral pelvic rotation velocity during early-to-mid swing (28.5–44.4% of the swing phase; <i>p</i> = 0.0096; <i>t</i> = −3.740; <i>r</i> = −0.683; <i>R</i><sup><i>2</i></sup> = 0.466), followed by greater kicking-limb internal rotation acceleration (52.4–56.2% of the swing phase; <i>p</i> = 0.0284; <i>t</i> = 3.749; <i>r</i> = 0.684; <i>R</i><sup><i>2</i></sup> = 0.468) and velocity (64.4–69.1% of the swing phase; <i>p</i> = 0.0345; <i>t</i> = 3.586; <i>r</i> = 0.668; <i>R</i><sup><i>2</i></sup> = 0.446). A higher kicking-limb Ab/Ad ratio at 300°/s was associated with greater contralateral trunk lateral flexion during early swing (0.0–30.0% of the swing phase; <i>p</i> = 0.0301; <i>t</i> = 3.380; <i>r</i> = 0.645;<i> R</i><sup><i>2</i></sup> = 0.417).</p> Conclusions <p>Hip strength imbalances demonstrated preliminary associations with distinct, phase-specific coordination patterns. These preliminary findings highlight potential kinematic strategies during kicking, though causal direction and injury risk cannot be inferred from this exploratory cross-sectional design.</p>

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Hip strength ratios and trunk–pelvis coordination during the soccer inside kick: a 1D-SPM analysis

  • Tomonari Sugano,
  • Ryo Kuboshita,
  • Toru Tanabe,
  • Nobuhide Azuma,
  • Seigaku Hayashi,
  • Masahito Hitosugi

摘要

Background

The soccer inside kick requires coordinated trunk–pelvis and lower-limb motion across multiple planes. However, the relationship between velocity-specific hip-strength imbalances and continuous kinematic patterns remains unclear.

Aims

To examine preliminary associations between multiplanar hip-strength ratios and phase-specific trunk–pelvis and lower-limb kinematics during the inside kick.

Methods

Eighteen male soccer players performed maximal inside kicks following isokinetic hip-strength assessment at 180°/s and 300°/s. Participant-averaged kinematic waveforms were analyzed using one-dimensional statistical parametric mapping (1D-SPM) linear regression. This study was exploratory, and no formal correction for the multiple SPM models was applied.

Results

A higher stance-limb IR/ER ratio at 180°/s was associated with greater ipsilateral pelvic rotation velocity during early-to-mid swing (28.5–44.4% of the swing phase; p = 0.0096; t = −3.740; r = −0.683; R2 = 0.466), followed by greater kicking-limb internal rotation acceleration (52.4–56.2% of the swing phase; p = 0.0284; t = 3.749; r = 0.684; R2 = 0.468) and velocity (64.4–69.1% of the swing phase; p = 0.0345; t = 3.586; r = 0.668; R2 = 0.446). A higher kicking-limb Ab/Ad ratio at 300°/s was associated with greater contralateral trunk lateral flexion during early swing (0.0–30.0% of the swing phase; p = 0.0301; t = 3.380; r = 0.645; R2 = 0.417).

Conclusions

Hip strength imbalances demonstrated preliminary associations with distinct, phase-specific coordination patterns. These preliminary findings highlight potential kinematic strategies during kicking, though causal direction and injury risk cannot be inferred from this exploratory cross-sectional design.