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Background <p>Low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress are central contributors to cardiometabolic risk in overweight adults. Exercise training exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, while the phenolic compounds of extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) may enhance these adaptive responses. However, limited evidence has examined the combined effects of exercise and EVOO on molecular and biochemical markers of cardiometabolic health.</p> Aims <p>To investigate whether 8&#xa0;weeks of combined exercise training supplemented with EVOO is associated with differential changes in P-selectin gene expression and cardiometabolic–antioxidant biomarkers compared with exercise plus placebo in overweight middle-aged men.</p> Methods <p>Seventeen sedentary overweight men (40–60&#xa0;years) were randomized to an exercise + EVOO group (<i>n</i> = 9) or an exercise + placebo group (<i>n</i> = 8). Both groups completed supervised aerobic resistance combined training three times weekly for 8&#xa0;weeks. EVOO (0.2–0.4&#xa0;g/kg) or glycerin placebo was consumed after each session. Fasting blood samples were collected at baseline and 48&#xa0;h post-intervention. Biomarkers included C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), P-selectin gene expression, cardiac troponins I (TnI), lipid profile, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). Generalized estimating equations assessed group × time interactions (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05).</p> Results <p>CRP decreased significantly only in the EVOO group (<i>p</i> = 0.025), although the group × time interaction was not significant. HDL-C showed a significant interaction (<i>p</i> = 0.027) favoring EVOO. IL-6 (<i>p</i> = 0.014), P-selectin gene expression (<i>p</i> = 0.015), and TnI (<i>p</i> = 0.029) also demonstrated significant interaction effects, indicating more favorable response patterns in the EVOO group. In the EVOO group, both SOD and CAT increased significantly, whereas in the placebo group, only SOD increased significantly; however, neither antioxidant marker showed a significant group × time interaction.</p> Conclusions <p>EVOO supplementation combined with exercise was associated with differential response patterns in selected cardiometabolic, inflammatory, and exploratory biomarker outcomes compared with exercise plus placebo; however, several outcomes did not show significant between-group interaction effects, and the findings should be interpreted cautiously.</p>

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The effect of combined exercise training and extra-virgin olive oil supplementation on P-selectin gene expression and cardiometabolic–antioxidant biomarkers in overweight middle-aged men

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月1日

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  • Bakhtyar Tartibian,
  • Keivan Hosseiniazar,
  • Noushin Azadpour

摘要

Background

Low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress are central contributors to cardiometabolic risk in overweight adults. Exercise training exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, while the phenolic compounds of extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) may enhance these adaptive responses. However, limited evidence has examined the combined effects of exercise and EVOO on molecular and biochemical markers of cardiometabolic health.

Aims

To investigate whether 8 weeks of combined exercise training supplemented with EVOO is associated with differential changes in P-selectin gene expression and cardiometabolic–antioxidant biomarkers compared with exercise plus placebo in overweight middle-aged men.

Methods

Seventeen sedentary overweight men (40–60 years) were randomized to an exercise + EVOO group (n = 9) or an exercise + placebo group (n = 8). Both groups completed supervised aerobic resistance combined training three times weekly for 8 weeks. EVOO (0.2–0.4 g/kg) or glycerin placebo was consumed after each session. Fasting blood samples were collected at baseline and 48 h post-intervention. Biomarkers included C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), P-selectin gene expression, cardiac troponins I (TnI), lipid profile, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). Generalized estimating equations assessed group × time interactions (p < 0.05).

Results

CRP decreased significantly only in the EVOO group (p = 0.025), although the group × time interaction was not significant. HDL-C showed a significant interaction (p = 0.027) favoring EVOO. IL-6 (p = 0.014), P-selectin gene expression (p = 0.015), and TnI (p = 0.029) also demonstrated significant interaction effects, indicating more favorable response patterns in the EVOO group. In the EVOO group, both SOD and CAT increased significantly, whereas in the placebo group, only SOD increased significantly; however, neither antioxidant marker showed a significant group × time interaction.

Conclusions

EVOO supplementation combined with exercise was associated with differential response patterns in selected cardiometabolic, inflammatory, and exploratory biomarker outcomes compared with exercise plus placebo; however, several outcomes did not show significant between-group interaction effects, and the findings should be interpreted cautiously.